The epidemiology of HF in India is largely unexplored. Current resources are based on a few hospital-based and a community-based registry from North India. Thus, we present the data from a single hospital-based registry in South India. Patients admitted with acute heart failure over a period of 1 year were enrolled in the registry and were characterized based on their ejection fraction (EF) measured by echocardiogram. The clinical profile of the patients was assessed, including their in-hospital outcomes. One-way ANOVA and univariate analysis were performed for comparison between three EF-based groups and for the assessment of in-hospital outcomes. A total of 449 patients were enrolled in the registry, of which 296, 90, and 63 patients were categorized as, HFrEF, HFmrEF, and HFpEF, respectively. The prevalence of HFrEF was higher (65.99%). The mean age (SD) of the study cohort was 59.9±13.3. The majority of the patients presented with acute denovo HF (67%) and were more likely to be males (65.9%). The majority of patients presented with warm and wet clinical phenotype (86.4%). In hospital mortality was higher in HFmrEF (3.3%). Patients with HFrEF had high adherence to guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT). HFrEF patients were also likely to have longer hospital stay along with a worsening of renal function. The in-hospital mortality was comparable between the EF-based groups. Additionally, the association of clinical phenotypes with outcome highlighted that patients in warm and wet phenotype had a longer length of hospital stay, whereas the mortality and worsening renal function rates were found to be significantly higher in the cold and wet group.

中文翻译：

---

急性心力衰竭患者的临床特征和结果：来自印度南部单中心心力衰竭登记处的见解

印度心力衰竭的流行病学很大程度上尚未被探索。目前的资源基于印度北部的一些医院和社区登记处。因此，我们提供来自印度南部一家医院登记处的数据。一年内因急性心力衰竭入院的患者被登记在册，并根据超声心动图测量的射血分数 (EF) 进行表征。评估患者的临床概况，包括他们的住院结果。进行单因素方差分析和单变量分析，以比较三个基于 EF 的组并评估院内结果。共有 449 名患者纳入登记，其中分别有 296 名、90 名和 63 名患者被分类为 HFrEF、HFmrEF 和 HFpEF。HFrEF 的患病率较高（65.99%）。研究队列的平均年龄 (SD) 为 59.9±13.3 岁。大多数患者表现为急性新发心力衰竭 (67%)，且男性更可能 (65.9%)。大多数患者表现为温湿临床表型（86.4%）。HFmrEF 的住院死亡率较高（3.3%）。HFrEF 患者对指南指导的药物治疗 (GDMT) 的依从性很高。HFrEF 患者的住院时间也可能更长，并且肾功能恶化。基于 EF 的组之间的院内死亡率相当。此外，临床表型与结果的关联强调，温暖和潮湿表型的患者住院时间较长，而寒冷和潮湿组的死亡率和肾功能恶化率明显更高。