As recent research has shown, many of the activities of early modern (including eighteenth-century) naturalists were carried out in the household. This article investigates the ways in which family members in particular, both male and female, ended up engaging in kinds of labor which furthered the pursuit of natural history in the eighteenth century. Examining evidence from various different parts of Europe and its colonies, the article argues that natural history can be seen to have often been what might be termed a family enterprise, one to which many different family members might contribute in ways shaped by concerns of kinship and inheritance.

中文翻译：

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作为家族企业的自然历史：十八世纪科学中的亲属关系和继承**

最近的研究表明，早期现代（包括 18 世纪）博物学家的许多活动都是在家庭中进行的。本文调查了家庭成员，特别是男性和女性，最终从事各种促进 18 世纪自然历史追求的劳动的方式。文章检查了来自欧洲及其殖民地各个不同地区的证据，认为自然历史通常可以被视为一种家族企业，许多不同的家庭成员可能会以亲属关系和遗产。