There are many studies on the beneficial effects of silicon (Si) in plants related to a decrease of stress (biotic/abiotic). The objective of the present work was to study how plant-available Si in highly calcareous soil with different soil chemical properties, amendments and growing conditions can affect Si absorption by Hordeum vulgare L. (Barley) and its biomass. Barley was cultivated under field conditions in dryland agriculture. Three treatments were compared: phytolithic biochar, compost pellets and no amendment. Greenhouse trials with the same soil and treatments were also carried out to achieve a better understanding of the dynamics in the soil–plant system under controlled growing conditions. In both experiments, physical and chemical soil and plant parameters were determined from collected samples. Results showed that the Si uptake and biomass in soils with the highest available Si (33 ± 1 mg kg⁻¹) was 4.7-fold and 2.4-fold higher, respectively, than in soils with the lowest available Si (22 ± 1 mg kg⁻¹). Also, with greater Si uptake there was an increase in N uptake (τ = 0.68, p < 0.01). Therefore, Si could improve N use efficiency within the plant. A strategy to improve Si values would be to use organic amendments that are enriched with Si and supply N in a form other than ammonium (NH+4${\text{NH}}_4^{+}$${\text{NH}}_4^{+}$). A high pH in this type of soil produces dissolution of the biogenic Si pool and low electrical conductivity values improve plant-available Si values. It is important to increase plant-available Si in highly calcareous soils as this has important implications for improving barley production.

中文翻译：

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管理实践如何影响生长在高钙质土壤中的大麦对硅的吸收

有许多关于硅 (Si) 在植物中与减少胁迫（生物/非生物）相关的有益作用的研究。本工作的目的是研究具有不同土壤化学性质、改良剂和生长条件的高钙质土壤中植物有效硅如何影响大麦对硅的吸收。L.（大麦）及其生物质。大麦是在旱地农业的田间条件下种植的。比较了三种处理：植石生物炭、堆肥颗粒和无改良。还进行了具有相同土壤和处理的温室试验，以更好地了解受控生长条件下土壤-植物系统的动态。在这两个实验中，物理和化学土壤和植物参数都是从收集的样品中确定的。结果表明，有效 Si 含量最高的土壤（33 ± 1 mg kg -1 ）的 Si 吸收和生物量分别是有效 Si 含量最低的土壤（22 ± 1 mg kg ^-1）的 4.7 倍和 2.4 倍。^-1 )。此外，随着 Si 的吸收增加，N 的吸收也会增加（τ = 0.68，p < 0.01)。因此，Si 可以提高工厂内的氮利用效率。提高 Si 值的策略是使用富含 Si 并以铵以外的形式提供 N 的有机改良剂（NH+4${\text{NH}}_4^{+}$${\text{NH}}_4^{+}$）。这种类型的土壤中的高 pH 值会导致生物硅池的溶解，而低电导率值会提高植物有效硅值。在高钙质土壤中增加植物有效硅非常重要，因为这对提高大麦产量具有重要意义。