The paper presents a new concept of geological control of the Outer Western Carpathians (OWC) morphology. The establishment of the Carpathians’ morphology dates back to the stage of evolution of sedimentary basin , when huge blocks of solidified rock massifs were gravitationally displaced into the foreland sedimentary basins, forming finally isolated hills. The altitudinal difference between the Beskidy Mts. and the Carpathian foothills is caused by the structural positions of these two segments of rock massifs within the orogenic megastructure during the compressional stage. Indeed, the tectonic elements that formed during the earliest stage of compression took (and still take) the highest structural and altitudinal position, whereas the elements incorporated into the orogen as the last have taken a lower topographic position, forming a belt of foothills. Therefore, this difference in topography is not related to rock resistance only, as was previously thought. The rotation of the Carpathian blocks during the orogenic thrusting and the formation of strike-slip fault zones parallel to the Carpathian tectonic thrusts formed a flower structure, which has played a significant role in morphology (insular character of). During the stage of secondary tectonic deformation – including the rotation of the Carpathian tectonic segments, strike-slip faulting and the radial extension and large extensional collapse of the Carpathian massifs – the principal features of the Carpathian relief as well as the main river valleys were formed. Gravitational collapse resulted in back-thrusting and the tectonic exhumation of the Carpathian massifs, which helps to explain the problem of seemingly large denudation of the Carpathian overburden of a thickness estimated at several kilometres. Chaotic complexes (synsedimentary and syntectonic mélanges), which frequently occur in the Carpathians, are very important for the Carpathian morphology and river valley development (controlled not only by faults) as well as the formation of isolated hills. Analysis of the Carpathian morphology supported by the Bouguer’s gravity anomalies map, and geological data allow us to present a new hypothesis that the Carpathians were formed as a huge regional flower structure, without the participation of subduction, which has formerly been considered to play the crucial role in the formation of the Carpathian orogen.

本文提出了西喀尔巴阡山脉（OWC）形态的地质控制的新概念。喀尔巴阡山脉形态的建立可以追溯到沉积盆地的演化阶段，当时大块的凝固岩石地块在重力作用下被移入前陆沉积盆地，最终形成了孤立的丘陵。Beskidy山之间的海拔差异。喀尔巴阡山脉的丘陵地带是在压缩阶段造山巨型结构中这两段岩层的结构位置引起的。实际上，在受压最早阶段形成的构造元素占据（并且仍然占据）最高的结构和海拔位置，而最后整合到造山带中的元素则处于较低的地形位置，形成山麓带。因此，正如先前所认为的，这种地形差异不仅与岩石抗力有关。造山逆冲过程中喀尔巴阡地块的旋转以及平行于喀尔巴阡构造逆冲的走滑断层带的形成形成了一种花状结构，该花状结构在形态学上具有显着的作用（呈中性）。在二次构造变形阶段，包括喀尔巴阡构造段的旋转，走滑断层，喀尔巴阡山地块的径向伸展和大范围塌陷，形成了喀尔巴阡山地貌和主要河谷的主要特征。 。引力塌陷导致了喀尔巴阡山脉的逆冲和构造掘出，这有助于解释似乎厚达几公里的喀尔巴阡覆土剥蚀现象似乎很严重的问题。喀尔巴阡山脉中经常出现的混沌复合体（同沉积和构造混杂体）对于喀尔巴阡形态和河谷发育（不仅受断层控制）以及孤立山丘的形成都非常重要。对布格引力异常图支持的喀尔巴阡形态的分析以及地质数据使我们提出了一个新的假设，即喀尔巴阡山脉形成为巨大的区域花结构，而没有俯冲作用，这以前被认为是至关重要的。在喀尔巴阡造山带形成中的作用。喀尔巴阡山脉中经常出现的混沌复合体（同沉积和构造混杂体）对于喀尔巴阡形态和河谷发育（不仅受断层控制）以及孤立山丘的形成都非常重要。对布格引力异常图支持的喀尔巴阡形态的分析以及地质数据使我们提出了一个新的假设，即喀尔巴阡山脉形成为巨大的区域花结构，而没有俯冲作用，这以前被认为是至关重要的。在喀尔巴阡造山带形成中的作用。喀尔巴阡山脉中经常出现的混沌复合体（同沉积和构造混杂体）对于喀尔巴阡形态和河谷发育（不仅受断层控制）以及孤立山丘的形成都非常重要。对布格引力异常图支持的喀尔巴阡形态的分析以及地质数据使我们提出了一个新的假设，即喀尔巴阡山脉形成为巨大的区域花结构，而没有俯冲作用，这以前被认为是至关重要的。在喀尔巴阡造山带形成中的作用。对于喀尔巴阡形态和流域发展（不仅受断层控制）以及孤立山丘的形成非常重要。对布格引力异常图支持的喀尔巴阡形态的分析以及地质数据使我们提出了一个新的假设，即喀尔巴阡山脉形成为巨大的区域花结构，而没有俯冲作用，这以前被认为是至关重要的。在喀尔巴阡造山带形成中的作用。对于喀尔巴阡形态和流域发展（不仅受断层控制）以及孤立山丘的形成非常重要。对布格引力异常图支持的喀尔巴阡形态的分析以及地质数据使我们提出了一个新的假设，即喀尔巴阡山脉形成为巨大的区域花结构，而没有俯冲作用，这以前被认为是至关重要的。在喀尔巴阡造山带形成中的作用。