We investigate the present-day orogenic architecture of the Pyrenean-Cantabrian junction corresponding to a boundary between inverted rift segments using seismic interpretation, field data, and borehole information. This junction was formerly attributed to a major NNE-SSW striking Pamplona transfer fault segmenting the Basque-Cantabrian and Mauléon basins during both rifting and convergence. Our study shows that the orogenic architecture results from a strong decoupling between the thick-skinned (basement-involved) and the thin-skinned (detached in the Upper Triassic evaporites) modes of deformation. The evaporites decoupling horizon was responsible for the transport and allochthony of the former rift basins over large distances on top of the Basque massifs and the Ebro and Aquitaine foreland basins. A crustal-scale cross-section depicts the allochthony of the Basque massifs forming a crustal wedge over the crusts of Iberian, Ebro, and Eurasian affinity. Three-dimensional analysis of the present-day architecture suggests that two phases of rifting and related basins can be recognized: the Late Jurassic-Barremian and the Aptian-Cenomanian basins. Furthermore, we show that during the Aptian-Cenomanian, the Mauléon and Basque-Cantabrian rift segments spatially overlapped north and south of the Basque massifs and were controlled by WNW-ESE striking extensional faults. These results discard the existence of a major Pamplona transfer fault and argue for NNE-SSW direction of extension during the mid-Cretaceous. This study emphasizes the role of inheritance during rifting and reactivation and provides a new syn-rift template, which controlled the Alpine reactivation. Finally, these results have major implications for the Iberia-Eurasia plate boundary and the kinematics of the North Pyrenean basins.

中文翻译：

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比利牛斯-加拿大交界处的性质，起源和演变

我们使用地震解释，现场数据和井眼信息，研究了比利牛斯-坎塔布连交界处的当今造山构造，该构造对应于反向裂谷段之间的边界。该交汇处以前是由于裂谷和汇聚过程中，北非南北海域发生了一次大的潘普洛纳（Pamplona）转移断层，该断层将巴斯克-坎塔布连盆地和毛隆盆地分割开来。我们的研究表明，造山构造是由厚皮的（涉及基底的）和薄皮的（在上三叠纪蒸发岩中分离）的变形模式之间的强解耦产生的。蒸发岩的解耦层位是造成前裂谷盆地在巴斯克断层块以及埃布罗和阿基坦前陆盆地顶部大距离上的迁移和异位的原因。地壳尺度的横截面描绘了巴斯克地块的异源地，在伊比利亚，埃布罗和欧亚亲和力的地壳上形成了地壳楔形。对当今建筑的三维分析表明，可以识别出裂陷盆地和相关盆地的两个阶段：侏罗纪-巴里海期晚期和阿普特-切诺曼尼期盆地。此外，我们表明，在阿普特-西诺马尼亚时期，Mauléon和巴斯克-坎塔布连裂谷段在空间上重叠于巴斯克断层的北部和南部，并受到WNW-ESE的伸展断裂作用的控制。这些结果摒弃了主要的潘普洛纳传输断层的存在，并提出了白垩纪中期NNE-SSW伸展的方向。这项研究强调了继承在裂谷和重新激活过程中的作用，并提供了一种新的裂谷模板。从而控制了阿尔卑斯山的复活。最后，这些结果对伊比利亚-欧亚大陆板块边界和北比利牛斯盆地的运动学具有重要意义。