Managing urban water systems in which stormwater, wastewater, and drinking water sectors affect each other is a difficult task that requires the right modeling tools for decision making. Integrated urban water management models (IUWMs) are tools that allow decision makers to demonstrate the effectiveness of various management, operational and design strategies. Although models are useful tools, the wide range of available models with many different capabilities make it challenging for the users to select an appropriate model for their specific objectives. In this review we investigated the capabilities of popular models in IUWM. We developed a comprehensive list of indicators to compare the capabilities of the models. We also analyzed the application of these models in a comparative way and evaluated their input requirements. Finally, we provided a procedure to select the appropriate model in the management environment based on the user’s needs. In summary, the results show that most of the models’ applications are focused on supply and demand, wastewater management, and stormwater management. Very few models consider social factors and policy aspects in IUWM. While each model has its own advantages, we found some of them, such as MIKE Urban, Hydro Planner, and Aqua Cycle, to be more comprehensive. Nevertheless, there are still gaps in the models in areas such as water-energy nexus, evaluating ecosystem services, including socioeconomic factors and sustainability analysis.

中文翻译：

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模型在城市综合水管理决策过程中的作用：综述

管理雨水，废水和饮用水相互影响的城市供水系统是一项艰巨的任务，需要正确的建模工具进行决策。集成的城市水管理模型（IUWM）是使决策者能够证明各种管理，运营和设计策略的有效性的工具。尽管模型是有用的工具，但是具有许多不同功能的多种可用模型使用户面对挑战，难以为其特定目标选择合适的模型。在这篇综述中，我们调查了IUWM中流行模型的功能。我们开发了一个全面的指标列表来比较模型的功能。我们还以比较的方式分析了这些模型的应用，并评估了它们的输入要求。最后，我们提供了一个程序，可以根据用户的需求在管理环境中选择适当的模型。总之，结果表明，大多数模型的应用都集中在供求，废水管理和雨水管理上。IUWM中很少有模型考虑社会因素和政策方面。尽管每种模型都有其自身的优势，但我们发现其中的一些更全面，例如MIKE Urban，Hydro Planner和Aqua Cycle。然而，这些模型在诸如水能关系，评估生态系统服务（包括社会经济因素和可持续性分析）等领域仍然存在差距。废水管理和雨水管理。IUWM中很少有模型考虑社会因素和政策方面。尽管每种模型都有其自身的优势，但我们发现其中的一些更全面，例如MIKE Urban，Hydro Planner和Aqua Cycle。然而，这些模型在诸如水能关系，评估生态系统服务（包括社会经济因素和可持续性分析）等领域仍然存在差距。废水管理和雨水管理。IUWM中很少有模型考虑社会因素和政策方面。尽管每种模型都有其自身的优势，但我们发现其中的一些更全面，例如MIKE Urban，Hydro Planner和Aqua Cycle。然而，这些模型在诸如水能关系，评估生态系统服务（包括社会经济因素和可持续性分析）等领域仍然存在差距。