Space-borne multispectral and radar data were used to comprehensively map geological contacts, lithologies and structural elements controlling gold-bearing quartz veins in the Wadi Hodein area in Egypt. In this study, enhancement algorithms, band combinations, band math (BM), Principal Component Analysis (PCA), decorrelation stretch and mineralogical indices were applied to Landsat-8 OLI, ASTER and ALOS PALSAR following a pre-designed flow chart. Together with the field observations, the results of the image processing techniques were exported to the GIS environment and subsequently fused to generate a potentiality map. The Wadi Hodein shear belt is a ductile shear corridor developed in response to non-coaxial convergence and northward escape tectonics that accompanied the final stages of terrane accretion and cratonization (~680–600 Ma) in the northern part of the Arabian–Nubian Shield. The evolution of this shear belt encompassed a protracted ~E–W shortening and recurrent sinistral transpression as manifested by east-dipping thrusts and high-angle reverse shear zones. Gold-mineralized shear zones cut heterogeneously deformed ophiolites and metavolcaniclastic rocks and attenuate in and around granodioritic intrusions. The gold mineralization event was evidently epigenetic in the metamorphic rocks and was likely attributed to rejuvenated tectonism and circulation of hot fluids during transpressional deformation. The superposition of the NW–SE folds by NNW-trending, kilometer scale tight and reclined folds shaped the overall framework of the Wadi Hodein belt. Shallow NNW- or SSE-plunging mineral and stretching lineations on steeply dipping shear planes depict a considerable simple shear component. The results of image processing complying with field observations and structural analysis suggest that the coincidence of shear zones, hydrothermal alteration and crosscutting dikes in the study area could be a considered as a model criterion in exploration for new gold targets.

中文翻译：

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埃及东南沙漠瓦迪霍丁剪切带中与剪切有关的金矿石：遥感，田野和构造数据分析

利用星载多光谱和雷达数据对埃及Wadi Hodein地区的地质接触，岩性和控制含金石英脉的结构要素进行了综合测绘。在这项研究中，按照预先设计的流程图，将增强算法，谱带组合，谱带数学（BM），主成分分析（PCA），解相关拉伸和矿物学指标应用于Landsat-8 OLI，ASTER和ALOS PALSAR。连同现场观察结果一起，将图像处理技术的结果导出到GIS环境，然后融合以生成势能图。Wadi Hodein剪切带是延展性剪切带，是对非同轴辐合和向北逃逸构造的响应而发展的，伴随着阿拉伯-努比亚盾构北部地层增生和克拉通化的最后阶段（〜680-600 Ma）。该剪切带的演化包括一个延长的〜E–W缩短​​和反复的左旋窦压迫，表现为东倾冲和大角度反向剪切带。金矿化的剪切带切下了异质变形的蛇绿岩和变火山碎屑岩，并在花岗二叠纪侵入体及其周围减弱。金的矿化事件显然是在变质岩中的表观成因，并且可能归因于构造变形和压变形过程中热流体的循环。NW–SE褶皱与NNW趋势的叠加，千米尺度的紧缩和倾斜褶皱形成了Wadi Hodein带的整体框架。陡倾的剪切面上的浅NNW或SSE浸入矿物和拉伸线描绘了相当简单的剪切分量。符合现场观察和结构分析的图像处理结果表明，研究区域内剪切带，热液蚀变和横切堤的重合可以作为新金矿勘探的模型标准。