Glycerol monolaurate (GML), a monoester formed from glycerol and lauric acid, is widely used in food, cosmetics, and dietary supplements. GML also has antiviral activity against enveloped viruses. In this study, we conducted a challenge experiment to assess the effects of GML on the survival of crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) infected with white spot syndrome virus (WSSV). Dietary GML treatment reduced the mortality of WSSV-infected crayfish and reduced the WSSV copy number. Quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction analysis showed that GML enhanced the expression of immune-related genes, such as nuclear factor-κB and C-type lectin. GML increased three immune parameters (total hemocyte count, phenoloxidase activity, and superoxide dismutase activity) in crayfish with or without WSSV infection. GML also increased the hemocyte apoptosis rate in crayfish with or without WSSV infection. These data indicated that GML increased hemocyte apoptosis, THC, PO and SOD activity and reduced the mortality in crayfish after oral WSSV challenge, which suggested that GML can be used to keep the crayfish healthy.

甘油单月桂酸酯（GML）是由甘油和月桂酸形成的单酯，被广泛用于食品，化妆品和膳食补充剂中。GML还具有针对包膜病毒的抗病毒活性。在这项研究中，我们进行了一项挑战性实验，以评估GML对小龙虾（Procambarus clarkii）感染了白斑综合症病毒（WSSV）。饮食中的GML处理可降低WSSV感染的小龙虾的死亡率，并减少WSSV的拷贝数。定量逆转录酶聚合酶链反应分析表明，GML增强了免疫相关基因的表达，例如核因子-κB和C型凝集素。在有或没有WSSV感染的小龙虾中，GML增加了三个免疫参数（总血细胞计数，酚氧化酶活性和超氧化物歧化酶活性）。在有或没有WSSV感染的情况下，GML还可以提高小龙虾的血细胞凋亡率。这些数据表明，GML可增加小龙虾口服WSSV攻击后的血细胞凋亡，THC，PO和SOD活性，并降低小龙虾的死亡率，这表明GML可用于保持小龙虾的健康。