Assessing the Toxicity of Mine-Water Mixtures and the Effectiveness of Water Quality Guideline Values in Protecting Local Aquatic Species,Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry

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Assessing the Toxicity of Mine-Water Mixtures and the Effectiveness of Water Quality Guideline Values in Protecting Local Aquatic Species
Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry ( IF 3.6 ) Pub Date : 2021-04-30 , DOI: 10.1002/etc.5103
Melanie A Trenfield ₁ , Ceiwen J Pease ₁ , Samantha L Walker ₁ , Scott J Markich ₂ , Chris L Humphrey ₁ , Rick A van Dam ₃ , Andrew J Harford ₁

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Six tropical freshwater species were used to assess the toxicity of mine waters from a uranium mine adjacent to a World Heritage area in northern Australia. Key contaminants of potential concern for the mine were U, Mg, Mn, and total ammonia nitrogen (TAN). Direct toxicity assessments were carried out to assess whether the established site-specific guideline values for individual contaminants would be protective with the contaminants occurring as mixtures. Metal speciation was calculated for contaminants to determine which were the major contributors of toxicity, with 84 to 96% of Mg predicted in the free-ion form as Mg²⁺, and 76 to 92% of Mn predicted as Mn²⁺. Uranium, Al, and Cu were predicted to be strongly bound to fulvic acid. Uranium, Mg, Mn, and Cu were incorporated into concentration addition or independent action mixture toxicity models to compare the observed toxicity in each of the waters with predicted toxicity. For >90% of the data, mine-water toxicity was less than predicted by the concentration addition model. Instances where toxicity was greater than predicted were accompanied by exceedances of individual metal guideline values in all but one case (i.e., a Mg concentration within 10% of the guideline value). This indicates that existing individual water quality guideline values for U, Mg, Mn, and TAN would adequately protect ecosystems downstream of the mine. Environ Toxicol Chem 2021;40:2334–2346. © 2021 Commonwealth of Australia. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry © 2021 SETAC

中文翻译：

评估矿井水混合物的毒性和水质准则值在保护当地水生物种方面的有效性

六种热带淡水物种被用来评估来自澳大利亚北部世界遗产区附近铀矿的矿井水的毒性。该矿可能关注的主要污染物是 U、Mg、Mn 和总氨氮 (TAN)。进行了直接毒性评估，以评估为单个污染物建立的特定场地准则值是否对以混合物形式出现的污染物具有保护作用。计算污染物的金属形态以确定哪些是毒性的主要贡献者，84% 至 96% 的 Mg 预测为游离离子形式的 Mg ²⁺，76% 至 92% 的 Mn 预测为 Mn ²⁺. 铀、Al 和 Cu 被预测与富里酸强烈结合。铀、Mg、Mn 和 Cu 被纳入浓度添加或独立作用混合物毒性模型，以比较每个水域中观察到的毒性与预测毒性。对于 >90% 的数据，矿井水毒性低于浓度相加模型的预测值。在毒性大于预测值的情况下，除了一种情况外，其他所有情况都超出了个别金属准则值（即 Mg 浓度在准则值的 10% 以内）。这表明现有的 U、Mg、Mn 和 TAN 的单独水质准则值将充分保护矿山下游的生态系统。环境毒理学化学2021；40：2334–2346。© 2021 澳大利亚联邦。环境毒理学和化学© 2021 SETAC

更新日期：2021-04-30

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