ABSTRACT

The world on which Covid-19 has unleashed its destructive force is one where the partly supranational and multilateral-minded EU is ill at ease. The pandemic has devastated economies across the world and exacerbated pre-existing dynamics of growing geopolitical rivalry and the declining clout of multilateral regimes and practices. The EU’s response to the Covid shock has been twofold: on the one hand, it has embarked on a new integration effort, with the contours of a ‘transfer union’ emerging for the first time in EU history; on the other hand, it has failed to use the crisis to advance its strategic autonomy agenda. The reason for this dichotomy is that, while the severity of the Covid emergency has shifted public and elite attitudes towards economic solidarity, the lingering commitment to the US has worked as a brake on a similar trend in European foreign policy preferences.

摘要

Covid-19释放了毁灭性力量的世界是一个部分地处于超国家和具有多边意识的欧盟不安的世界。这场流行病摧毁了世界各地的经济，加剧了地缘政治竞争日益加剧以及多边政权和做法的影响力下降的既有动力。欧盟对Covid冲击的反应有两个方面：一方面，它已开始进行新的一体化努力，欧盟历史上首次出现了“转移联盟”的轮廓。另一方面，它没有利用危机来推进其战略自主议程。这种二分法的原因是，尽管Covid紧急情况的严重性已经改变了公众和精英对经济团结的态度，