Mycorrhizal fungus is one of the most common and widespread symbiosis formed in the rhizosphere of plants which enhances the diversity and abundance of bacteria in the rhizosphere soil of plants on the basis of promoting plant growth, increasing its yield and saving costs. As an important group of soil microorganisms, bacteria can effectively promote soil material circulation and energy flow. Bacterial diversity and community structure can reflect the quality of soil. The bacterial diversity and community distribution in the rhizosphere soil of blueberry inoculated with different mycorrhizal fungi were analyzed and compared based on the bacterial 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing technology. The membership function comprehensive evaluation method was used to find out the increase in bacterial community diversity, abundance and the most suitable inoculation strain for fruit yield. The bacterial diversity in blueberry rhizosphere soil was rich. The bacterial diversity in Cladosporium cladosporioides (ZB) and Phialocephala fortinii (DSE) treatments was significantly higher than that in other treatments. A total of 41 phyla, 107 classes, 154 orders, 289 families, 476 genera, and 476 genera were detected in the soil samples. Proteobacteria (36.5%–52.5%), of which Alphaproteobacteria (21.2%–37.9%) was the dominant subgroup, Rhizobiales (14.7%–26.7%), Burkholderiaceae (0.9%–22.1%), Acidothermus (10.3%–21.8%) was the dominant order, family and genus, respectively. The infection rate was the most significant under the DSE treatment (P < 0.05) along with increased its fruit yield. In addition, the membership function analysis showed that ZB was the best strain to improve the bacterial community diversity and fruit yield of rabbit eye blueberry rhizosphere, followed by DSE. These findings provide scientific data for the development and utilization of soil microbial resources and contribute a favorable guarantee for blueberry cultivation and production.