Abstract—

Application of mineral fertilizers is an effective way to increase crop yield. It is unclear whether their long-term application can effectively improve soil fungal community composition. In this study, we investigated soil nutrient properties, yield, and soil fungi community composition using ITS rRNA sequencing based on a 38-year wheat–maize rotation field experiment on the Gleyic Cambisols without calcium carbonates. The results showed that long-term application of mineral fertilizer improves soil total nitrogen, organic carbon, available phosphorus and potassium, yield, and fungal community abundance. The predominant fungi divisions changed from Zygomycota in the control check treatment to Basidiomycota and Ascomycota in the mineral fertilizer treatments. Bray-Curtis distances revealed that the fungi varieties were distinctly different among treatments. The fungal community composition was different between nitrogen fertilizer application alone and in combination with potassium fertilizer. The results suggested that the different levels of potassium fertilizer input between nitrogen fertilizer application alone and in combination with potassium might result in different fungal community patterns in the wheat–maize rotation system on the Gleyic Cambisols without calcium carbonates in the North China Plain.

中文翻译：

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长期施用矿物肥料对土壤养分，产量和真菌群落组成的影响

摘要—

施用矿物肥料是提高农作物产量的有效途径。尚不清楚它们的长期应用是否能有效改善土壤真菌群落组成。在这项研究中，我们使用ITS rRNA测序，基于38年的小麦－玉米轮作田间试验，在不含碳酸钙的Gleyic Cambisols上调查了土壤养分特性，产量和土壤真菌群落组成。结果表明，长期施用矿物肥料可以改善土壤中的总氮，有机碳，有效磷和钾，产量以及真菌群落的丰度。真菌的主要类别从对照检查处理中的Zygomycota变为矿物肥料处理中的Basidiomycota和Ascomycota。Bray-Curtis距离表明，不同处理之间的真菌种类明显不同。单独施用氮肥和与钾肥合用时，真菌群落组成有所不同。结果表明，在华北平原无碳酸钙的斜纹棉球土壤上，单独施用氮肥和与钾结合施用钾肥的水平不同，可能导致小麦-玉米轮作系统中真菌群落模式的不同。