The lower Yellow River (YR) reach is one of the most typical and complex river channels in the world. The impact of human activities on the evolution of its channels is an important scientific issue that needs to be explored. Based on cross-sectional channel data measured at four typical hydrological stations in the lower YR during the period from 1965 to 2015 and the accompanying annual runoff and sediment data, the variation characteristics of the longitudinal slopes of the riverbeds, the width-depth ratio of the cross-sections, and the lateral migration of thalweg points were analyzed. The river phase coefficients (ξ = W^1/2/H) of the YR channel across different years were further evaluated. Furthermore, the correlation relationship between the river phase coefficient, annual discharge, and sediment concentration was established. The results show that over the last five decades, the fluctuation of the longitudinal profile of the upper and lower parts of the lower YR was more obvious than that of the middle part, and the variation range of the width of the channel cross sections and the fluctuation of the mainstream line differed in 1965–1973, 1974–1980, 1981–1985, 1986–1999, and 2000–2015. The morphological parameters of the channel cross-section (ξ) were mainly affected by the annual average discharge and sediment concentration, and a good fitting relationship was found through quantitative analyses. Large reservoirs have the function of redistributing water and sediment yields and reducing peak discharges, thereby leading to changes in the erosion-deposition patterns and river morphologies of channels.

黄河下游地区是世界上最典型，最复杂的河道之一。人类活动对其渠道演变的影响是一个重要的科学问题，需要探讨。根据1965年至2015年期间在黄河下游四个典型水文站测得的横断面河道数据以及相应的年度径流量和泥沙数据，得出河床纵坡的变化特征，河床的宽深比。分析了横截面和thalweg点的横向偏移。河流相位系数（ξ  =  W ^1/2 / H进一步评估了不同年份的YR渠道）。此外，建立了河流相系数，年流量与泥沙浓度之间的相关关系。结果表明，在过去的五十年中，下部YR的上部和下部的纵向剖面的波动比中部的波动更为明显，并且通道横截面的宽度和宽度的变化范围较大。 1965-1973年，1974-1980年，1981-1985年，1986-1999年和2000-2015年主流线的波动有所不同。通道横截面的形态学参数（ξ）主要受年平均排放量和沉积物浓度的影响，并且通过定量分析发现了良好的拟合关系。大型水库具有重新分配水和沉积物产量，减少高峰流量的功能，从而导致侵蚀沉积模式和河道的河流形态发生变化。