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Syn-exhumation magmatism in an active continental margin above a continental subduction zone: Evidence from Late Triassic mafic igneous rocks in the southeastern North China Block
GSA Bulletin ( IF 3.9 ) Pub Date : 2021-05-01 , DOI: 10.1130/b35656.1
Wei Fang 1 , Li-Qun Dai 1, 2 , Yong-Fei Zheng 1, 2 , Zi-Fu Zhao 1, 2 , Qi Chen 1 , Yao Zhou 1
Affiliation  

Syn-subduction arc magmatism is absent above continental subduction zones, providing important constraints on the nature of petrogenetic processes during continental collision. Nevertheless, we have identified syn-exhumation mafic igneous rocks in an active continental margin above a continental subduction zone, where the South China Block (SCB) was deeply subducted beneath the North China Block (NCB) for collisional orogeny in the Triassic. These mafic igneous rocks occur in the southeastern margin of the NCB, showing consistent Late Triassic zircon U-Pb ages of ca. 219–218 Ma, coeval with exhumation of the deeply subducted continental crust. These rocks are categorized into two series of sub-alkaline and alkaline, all exhibiting arc-like trace element distribution patterns, highly enriched radiogenic Sr-Nd-Hf and high zircon O isotope compositions. In particular, they exhibit two-stage whole-rock Nd and Hf model ages and zircon Hf model ages of Paleoproterozoic, which are comparable to those of ultrahigh-pressure metamorphic rocks with the SCB affinity in the Dabie-Sulu orogenic belt. Such geochemical features indicate that these mafic igneous rocks were derived from partial melting of ultramafic metasomatites generated by reaction of felsic melts from the subducted SCB with the mantle wedge peridotite beneath the NCB. The geochemical differences in element and isotope compositions between the two series igneous rocks can be mainly ascribed to different proportions of the crustal component in the metasomatites, which is verified by quantitative modellings of the geochemical transfer in the continental subduction zone. The systematic variations in some geochemical variables such as Fe/Mn, Zn/Fe, and Nb/Ta ratios indicate pyroxenite-rich and hornblendite-rich lithologies, respectively, for the sub-alkaline and alkaline series igneous rocks. With the tectonic extension for exhumation of the deeply subducted continental crust in the Late Triassic, the fertile and enriched metasomatites in the mantle wedge underwent partial melting for the syn-exhumation mafic magmatism in the southeastern NCB. Therefore, the mafic igneous rocks in the active continental margin not only record the crust-mantle interaction in the continental subduction zone, but also witness the generation of syn-exhumation magmatism in the late stage of continental collision.

中文翻译:

大陆俯冲带上方活跃大陆边缘的高放浆岩浆作用:来自华北东南部晚三叠世镁铁质火成岩的证据

大陆俯冲带之上没有俯冲俯冲弧岩浆作用,这对大陆碰撞过程中的成岩过程的性质提供了重要的限制。然而,我们已经在大陆俯冲带上方的活跃大陆边缘发现了同化发掘的镁铁质火成岩,在那里,华南地块(SCB)被深深俯冲到了华北地块(NCB)之下,从而在三叠纪发生了碰撞造山作用。这些镁铁质火成岩出现在NCB的东南边缘,显示出前后三叠纪锆石的U-Pb年龄一致。219–218 Ma,与深部俯冲大陆壳的发掘时期相同。这些岩石分为亚碱性和碱性两个系列,都表现出类似弧形的痕量元素分布模式,高度富集的放射源Sr-Nd-Hf和高锆石O同位素组成。特别是,它们显示了古元古代的两阶段全岩Nd和Hf模型年龄和锆石Hf模型年龄,这与大别-苏鲁造山带中具有SCB亲和力的超高压变质岩相当。这些地球化学特征表明,这些镁铁质火成岩来自超镁铁质变质岩的部分熔融,超镁铁质变质岩是由俯冲的SCB的长英质熔体与NCB下方的地幔楔橄榄岩反应生成的。这两个系列火成岩之间元素和同位素组成的地球化学差异主要可归因于后代交代岩中地壳成分的不同比例,大陆俯冲带地球化学转移的定量模型验证了这一点。一些地球化学变量(如Fe / Mn,Zn / Fe和Nb / Ta之比)的系统变化分别表示亚碱性和碱性系列火成岩的富辉石岩和富菱闪石岩性。随着三叠纪晚期深层俯冲陆壳发掘的构造扩展,地幔楔中富饶富集的交代岩经历了部分熔融,从而成为了NCB东南部的顺发黑铁质岩浆作用的一部分。因此,活跃大陆边缘的镁铁质火成岩不仅记录了大陆俯冲带中的地壳—幔幔相互作用,而且还见证了大陆碰撞后期的回采岩浆作用。一些地球化学变量(如Fe / Mn,Zn / Fe和Nb / Ta之比)的系统变化分别表示亚碱性和碱性系列火成岩的富辉石岩和富菱闪石岩性。随着三叠纪晚期深层俯冲陆壳发掘的构造扩展,地幔楔中富饶富集的交代岩经历了部分熔融,从而成为了NCB东南部的顺发黑铁质岩浆作用的一部分。因此,活跃大陆边缘的镁铁质火成岩不仅记录了大陆俯冲带中的地壳—幔幔相互作用,而且还见证了大陆碰撞后期的回采岩浆作用。一些地球化学变量(如Fe / Mn,Zn / Fe和Nb / Ta之比)的系统变化分别表示亚碱性和碱性系列火成岩的富辉石岩和富菱闪石岩性。随着三叠纪晚期深层俯冲陆壳发掘的构造扩展,地幔楔中富饶富集的交代岩经历了部分熔融,从而成为了NCB东南部的顺发黑铁质岩浆作用的一部分。因此,活跃大陆边缘的镁铁质火成岩不仅记录了大陆俯冲带中的地壳—幔幔相互作用,而且还见证了大陆碰撞后期的回采岩浆作用。Nb / Ta比分别表示亚碱性和碱性系列火成岩的富辉石岩和富菱闪石岩性。随着三叠纪晚期深层俯冲陆壳发掘的构造扩展,地幔楔中富饶富集的交代岩经历了部分熔融,从而成为了NCB东南部的顺发黑铁质岩浆作用的一部分。因此,活跃大陆边缘的镁铁质火成岩不仅记录了大陆俯冲带中的地壳—幔幔相互作用,而且还见证了大陆碰撞后期的回采岩浆作用。Nb / Ta比分别表示亚碱性和碱性系列火成岩的富辉石岩和富菱闪石岩性。随着三叠纪晚期深层俯冲陆壳发掘的构造扩展,地幔楔中富饶富集的交代岩经历了部分熔融,从而成为了NCB东南部的顺发黑铁质岩浆作用的一部分。因此,活跃大陆边缘的镁铁质火成岩不仅记录了大陆俯冲带中的地壳—幔幔相互作用,而且还见证了大陆碰撞后期的回采岩浆作用。地幔楔中富饶富集的交代岩经历了部分熔融,从而使东南部NCB发生了发掘出的镁铁质岩浆作用。因此,活跃大陆边缘的镁铁质火成岩不仅记录了大陆俯冲带中的地壳—幔幔相互作用,而且还见证了大陆碰撞后期的回采岩浆作用。地幔楔中富饶富集的交代岩经历了部分熔融,从而使东南部NCB发生了发掘出的镁铁质岩浆作用。因此,活跃大陆边缘的镁铁质火成岩不仅记录了大陆俯冲带中的地壳—幔幔相互作用,而且还见证了大陆碰撞后期的回采岩浆作用。
更新日期:2021-04-30
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