Both the East Asian winter monsoon (EAWM) and El Niño (EN) activities are vital climate modes that regulate the Pacific hydrologic cycle. However, the Holocene interactions among the EAWM, EN activities, and tropical Pacific precipitation remain unclear due to the lack of appropriate EAWM proxies. Here, we present high-resolution grain size records from the East China Sea shelf along with a transient climate model simulation to study the Holocene EAWM evolution and compare the findings with paleo-EN precipitation-related proxies records. The millennial-scale oscillations of grain size records, which are indicative of the intensity of the EAWM-driven coastal current, reveal an anti-phase coupling between the EAWM and EN-related tropical Pacific precipitation on a millennial timescale since 5.8 ka. These results, which are consistent with simulation results, indicate that the intensified EAWM could not only reduce equatorial western Pacific precipitation by reducing the sea surface temperature but also likely change boundary conditions in the tropical Pacific (i.e., the east-west Pacific temperature gradient and westerly anomaly) to favor the formation of subsequent intensive EN activities. The enhanced EN activities, inferred by the positive tropical eastern Pacific precipitation anomalies, could subsequently suppress the EAWM through anomalous low-level anticyclones and associated southerly anomalies, thereby generating intensified tropical western Pacific (mainly tropical monsoon areas) precipitation. Our study highlights these intrinsic interactions during the mid- to late Holocene and has useful implications for understanding this millennial-scale climate oscillation, which may represent periodic atmospheric exchange between high- and low-latitude climate systems by mediating the EAWM.

东亚冬季风（EAWM）和厄尔尼诺（EN）活动都是调节太平洋水文循环的重要气候模式。然而，由于缺乏合适的EAWM代理，EAWM，EN活动和热带太平洋降水之间的全新世相互作用尚不清楚。在这里，我们提供了来自东海陆架的高分辨率粒度记录，以及一个瞬态气候模型模拟，以研究全新世EAWM的演化并将其结果与古EN降水相关的代理记录进行比较。指示EAWM驱动的沿海水流强度的千年记录震级记录揭示了自5.8 ka以来的千年时间尺度上EAWM与EN相关的热带太平洋降水之间的反相位耦合。这些结果，与模拟结果吻合，表明加强的EAWM不仅可以通过降低海表温度来减少赤道西太平洋的降水，而且还可能改变热带太平洋的边界条件（即东西太平洋的温度梯度和西风异常）有利于随后的密集EN活动的形成。由积极的东太平洋热带降水异常推断出的EN活动增强，随后可通过反常的低空反气旋和相关的南风异常来抑制EAWM，从而产生增强的西太平洋热带（主要是热带季风区）降水。