Engineering has become increasingly prominent in science education, with documents such as Next Generation Science Standards detailing the importance of introducing students at all grade levels to science and engineering practices. Yet, many elementary teachers may lack sufficient engineering content and pedagogical knowledge and report feeling unprepared to teach engineering content and processes. To prepare future elementary teachers to teach engineering, two university faculty members in science and mathematics education designed an engineering unit that was incorporated within an elementary science methods course and supported through an elementary mathematics methods course. This unit focused on the engineering design process as well as connections between the work of scientists and engineers; the processes of science, engineering, and mathematics; and the cycles of engineering design and inquiry. The results of the study provide evidence that the unit had a positive influence on the 27 preservice teacher participants’ engineering teaching efficacy, understanding of engineering, and comprehension of the implementation of engineering in the elementary classroom.

中文翻译：

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连接工程设计和探究周期：对基础职前教师的工程效能和对教学工程的看法的影响

工程学在科学教育中变得越来越重要，诸如“下一代科学标准”之类的文件详细说明了向所有年级的学生介绍科学和工程实践的重要性。然而，许多基础老师可能缺乏足够的工程知识和教学知识，并且报告说自己没有准备教授工程知识和过程的感觉。为了让未来的基础老师做好准备，以教授工程学，两位大学理科和数学教育学院的教职员工设计了一个工程学单元，该单元被纳入基础科学方法课程，并通过基础数学方法课程提供支持。该单元的重点是工程设计过程以及科学家和工程师之间的联系；科学，工程，和数学；以及工程设计和查询的周期。研究结果提供了证据，表明该单元对27名职前教师参与者的工程教学效果，对工程的理解以及对在小学课堂中实施工程的理解有积极的影响。