In this paper, we present a velocity analysis technique using ground-penetrating radar (GPR) data to estimate near-surface soil-water content affected by topography and solar radiation on a mountain peak, mountain mid-slope, and alluvial plain sites in a semi-arid climate area in central Asia. By making precise measurements of reflected EM wave velocity, the water content in the near-surface soil was determined. The GPR experiments at several frequencies were carried out in two sequential phases (comprising common-offset and multi-offset methods) to obtain the soil-water content and illustrate the subsurface structure. We then tried to determine the relationship between near-surface moisture content and permafrost thawing. Therefore, we used several different methods including time-domain reflectometry and a resistivity survey. We also confirmed via the GPR data that vegetation cover indicates soil-water content in the near-surface soil. The results evaluated in this study provide meaningful information about soil water as well as subsurface structures. The GPR data acquired at the survey sites indicated a large range of near-surface water content due to the topography of the survey lines.

在本文中，我们提出了一种速度分析技术，该技术使用探地雷达 (GPR) 数据来估计受地形和太阳辐射影响的近地表土壤水分含量，该方法在山峰、山中坡和冲积平原站点上。亚洲中部半干旱气候区。通过精确测量反射的电磁波速度，确定了近地表土壤中的含水量。多个频率的 GPR 实验分两个连续阶段（包括共同偏移和多偏移方法）进行，以获得土壤水分含量并说明地下结构。然后，我们试图确定近地表水分含量与永久冻土融化之间的关系。因此，我们使用了几种不同的方法，包括时域反射法和电阻率测量法。我们还通过 GPR 数据证实植被覆盖表明近地表土壤中的土壤水分含量。本研究评估的结果提供了有关土壤水和地下结构的有意义的信息。在勘测地点获得的 GPR 数据表明，由于勘测线的地形，近地表水含量范围很大。