Social distancing and economic lockdown measures implemented in Global North countries have been mimicked in the Global South to contain the spread of COVID-19. However, the consequences of such measures on activity and mobility patterns among social groups in Global South cities remain unclear. This paper seeks to provide reliable evidence from changes in behaviors across income groups at the urban scale. We report a detailed analysis from a web-based survey to understand the effects of the early and complete lockdown adopted to contain the COVID-19 spread on activity and travel patterns in Bogotá. We also performed a geographical proximity analysis of non-work services and facilities located around surveyed households to challenge the rhetoric about the ‘15-minute’ city. We found that low-income people are more socially exposed to contagion being forced to go out to find their daily sustenance and having adverse economic and travel effects than other income groups. However, even though Bogotá is not so far from meeting the goal of 15 min proximity, particularly for non-work-related activities, we found marked inequalities among income groups regarding access to essential services in proximity. The paper’s findings serve as a reminder that travel behavior and accessibility are not the remits of only urban transport planning and that land-use and urban planning play a determining role in redressing social and spatial inequalities in a city.

全球南方国家模仿了在全球北方国家实施的社会疏远和经济封锁措施，以遏制COVID-19的蔓延。但是，这种措施对全球南方城市社会群体之间的活动和流动方式的影响尚不清楚。本文力求从城市规模上各收入群体的行为变化提供可靠的证据。我们报告了一项基于网络的调查的详细分析，以了解为遏制COVID-19传播而对波哥大的活动和出行方式进行的早期全面锁定所带来的影响。我们还对被调查家庭周围的非工作服务和设施进行了地理邻近分析，以挑战有关“ 15分钟”城市的言论。我们发现，与其他收入群体相比，低收入人群在社会上更容易遭受传染病的困扰，他们被迫出门寻找日常必需品，并对经济和旅行产生不利影响。但是，即使波哥大离实现15分钟就近距离的目标还很遥远，特别是对于与非工作无关的活动，我们仍发现收入群体之间在就近享受基本服务方面存在明显的不平等现象。本文的发现提醒我们，出行行为和可及性并非仅城市交通规划的要求，土地使用和城市规划在缓解城市的社会和空间不平等方面起着决定性的作用。尽管波哥大离实现15分钟就近的目标还很遥远，特别是对于与非工作相关的活动，但我们发现收入群体之间在就近获得基本服务方面存在明显的不平等现象。本文的发现提醒我们，出行行为和可及性并非仅城市交通规划的要求，土地使用和城市规划在缓解城市的社会和空间不平等方面起着决定性的作用。尽管波哥大离实现15分钟就近的目标还很遥远，特别是对于与非工作相关的活动，但我们发现收入群体之间在就近获得基本服务方面存在明显的不平等现象。本文的发现提醒我们，出行行为和可及性并非仅城市交通规划的要求，土地使用和城市规划在缓解城市的社会和空间不平等方面起着决定性的作用。