In this article, a micro-heterogeneous material simulation model with carbon fiber and resin phase about laser ablation on carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) is established by Ansys. The ablation process of CFRP by nanosecond ultraviolet laser is simulated, and the mechanism of pulse energy and spot spacing on the heat-affected zone (HAZ) is studied, then the process parameters are optimized with the goal of HAZ size and processing efficiency, and finally the validity of the model is verified by experiments. It is found that the residual gradient and the width of the radial HAZ increase with the increase of the spot spacing, and the width of the axial HAZ decreases slightly with the increase of the spot spacing, which indicates the existence of the optimal spot spacing. Second, the ablation depth increases with the increase of the pulse energy, and the carbon fiber retains a relatively complete degree of exposure when the pulse energy is low, which has a certain guiding significance for the cleaning and bonding of CFRP.

本文通过Ansys建立了碳纤维和树脂相在碳纤维增强塑料（CFRP）上进行激光烧蚀的微观非均质材料模拟模型。模拟了纳秒紫外激光对CFRP的烧蚀过程，研究了热影响区（HAZ）上的脉冲能量和光斑间距的机理，然后以HAZ尺寸和加工效率为目标对工艺参数进行了优化，最后通过实验验证了模型的有效性。结果表明，随着点间距的增加，径向热影响区的残余梯度和宽度增大，而随着点间距的增加，轴向热影响区的宽度略有减小，这表明存在最优的点间距。其次，消融深度随着脉冲能量的增加而增加，