In this study, the first frost-heave testing apparatus with a triple cell was developed that can measure the amount of frost-heave and heaving pressure, as well as achieve high-accuracy temperature control. The performance of the apparatus was validated by a series of frost-heave tests, which were conducted in a closed system with saturated sandy soil and an initial boundary temperature of 3 °C. The effect of having multiple cells (triple cell, double cell, and single cell), different freezing directions (top to bottom, both sides, and bottom to top), and multiple temperature gradients (0.09, 0.11, and 0.13 °C/mm), was examined to investigate the frost-heave properties of sandy soil. The reliability of the testing machine was validated by comparing the measured (experimental) and estimated (theoretical) amount of frost-heave that occurs in saturated sandy soil. The results show that the newly developed testing device accurately estimates the amount of frost-heave with error of < 8.69% between predicted and measured results for heaving pressure with freezing direction from top to bottom.

在这项研究中，开发了第一台具有三单元的霜沉测试设备，该设备可以测量霜沉量和升沉压力，并实现高精度的温度控制。该设备的性能通过一系列霜冻试验验证，该试验在具有饱和沙土和初始边界温度为3°C的封闭系统中进行。具有多个单元（三单元，双单元和单单元），不同的冻结方向（从上到下，两侧和从下到上）和多个温度梯度（0.09、0.11和0.13°C / mm）的效果），以研究沙土的冻胀特性。通过比较饱和沙土中的冻胀量（实验量）和估计量（理论量），验证了测试机的可靠性。结果表明，新开发的测试装置可以准确估计霜冻的量，在上下方向冻结压力的预测和测量结果之间，误差<8.69％。