Neutral temperature responses in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere (MLT) to severe geomagnetic storms induced by coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are of growing interest to the space science research community. Recently, it was found that geomagnetic activities produced by the corotating interaction regions (CIRs) caused comparable effects on the Earth's upper atmosphere. In this work, we carried out a comparative study of the temperature responses in the MLT region to these two types of geomagnetic activities, using the temperature measured by the Sounding of the Atmosphere using Broadband Emission Radiometry (SABER) instruments onboard the Thermosphere, Ionosphere, Mesosphere Energetics and Dynamics (TIMED) satellite. Our results demonstrate that CIR-induced geomagnetic activity produced temperature variations in the MLT region and that this effect can penetrate downward to ∼100 km at high latitudes in both hemispheres. Temperature enhancements penetrated deeper during CME-induced geomagnetic activities, but the heating effects lasted longer during CIR-induced geomagnetic activities. There is a hemispherical asymmetry in the geomagnetical activity induced temperature changes in the MLT region. The temperature enhancements are stronger in the southern hemisphere than in the northern hemisphere during CME events.

中文翻译：

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CIR 和 CME 诱导的地磁活动对中间层和较低热层温度的影响的比较

空间科学研究界对中层和低热层 (MLT) 对日冕物质抛射 (CME) 引起的严重地磁暴的中性温度响应越来越感兴趣。最近，发现由共转相互作用区 (CIR) 产生的地磁活动对地球高层大气造成了类似的影响。在这项工作中，我们使用热电层，电离层，中层能量学和动力学 (TIMED) 卫星。我们的结果表明，CIR 诱导的地磁活动在 MLT 地区产生了温度变化，并且这种影响可以在两个半球的高纬度向下渗透到约 100 公里。在 CME 诱导的地磁活动期间，温度增强渗透得更深，但在 CIR 诱导的地磁活动期间，加热效应持续时间更长。MLT地区地磁活动引起的温度变化存在半球不对称性。在 CME 事件期间，南半球的温度增强比北半球更强。MLT地区地磁活动引起的温度变化存在半球不对称性。在CME事件期间，南半球的温度升高比北半球的温度升高更强。MLT地区地磁活动引起的温度变化存在半球不对称性。在 CME 事件期间，南半球的温度增强比北半球更强。