Six conceptually different transport models were applied to the macrodispersion experiment (MADE)-1 field tracer experiment as a first major attempt for model comparison. The objective was to show that complex mass distributions in heterogeneous aquifers can be predicted without calibration of transport parameters, solely making use of structural and flow data. The models differ in their conceptualization of the heterogeneous aquifer structure, computational complexity, and use of conductivity data obtained from various observation methods (direct push injection logging, DPIL, grain size analysis, pumping tests and flowmeter). They share the same underlying physical transport process of advection by the velocity field solely. Predictive capability is assessed by comparing results to observed longitudinal mass distributions of the MADE-1 experiment. The decreasing mass recovery of the observed plume is attributed to sampling and no physical process like mass transfer is invoked by the models. Measures like peak location and strength are used in comparing the modeled and measured plume mass distribution. Comparison of models reveals that the predictions of the solute plume agree reasonably well with observations, if the models are underlain by a few parameters of close values: mean velocity, a parameter reflecting log-conductivity variability, and a horizontal length scale related to conductivity spatial correlation. The robustness of the results implies that conservative transport models with appropriate conductivity upscaling strategies of various observation data provide reasonable predictions of plumes longitudinal mass distribution, as long as key features are taken into account.

中文翻译：

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不同类型水力数据实现的MADE-1实验的6种输运模型的比较

六个概念上不同的传输模型被应用于宏观分散实验（MADE）-1场示踪剂实验，这是模型比较的第一个主要尝试。目的是表明，仅通过利用结构和流量数据，无需校准传输参数即可预测非均质含水层中的复杂质量分布。这些模型在非均质含水层结构的概念，计算复杂性以及使用从各种观测方法（直接推注测井，DPIL，粒度分析，抽水试验和流量计）获得的电导率数据方面有所不同。它们仅通过速度场共享相同的对流潜在的物理传输过程。通过将结果与MADE-1实验的观察到的纵向质量分布进行比较来评估预测能力。观察到的羽流的质量回收率下降归因于采样，并且模型没有调用像质量转移这样的物理过程。在比较建模和测量的羽流质量分布时，会使用诸如峰的位置和强度之类的措施。模型的比较表明，如果模型受到一些接近值的参数（平均速度，反映对数电导率可变性的参数以及与电导率空间相关的水平长度尺度）的基础，则溶质羽流的预测与观测值相当吻合。相关性。结果的鲁棒性表明，只要考虑了关键特征，具有各种观测数据的适当电导率放大策略的保守输运模型就可以提供羽流纵向质量分布的合理预测。