A higher precision optical sensor for coal dust concentration measurement was developed in this study, in order to overcome the deficiencies of current coal mine dust detection (such as their low precision and poor stability). Based on Mie scattering theory, the effects of the dust particle size, refractive index, and scattering angle on the distribution of the scattered light intensity were examined by using numerical simulations in MATLAB and MiePlot. Accordingly, the scattering structure was determined, and the mathematical model of the sensor was established. Then the sensor was developed after the selection and assembly of optimal devices through redesigning the circuit and control system independently and optimizing the optical structure. After calibration, the mean measured error of the developed sensor was 3.884%, 3.546%, and 3.037% in the short-term test. The relative errors in long-term detection increased to some extent, but still remained between 4% and 5%. It is firmly indicated that the developed sensor can reliably measure the dust concentration and exhibits excellent stability. This study provides a more accurate method for measuring and monitoring dust concentrations in coal mines.

为了克服目前煤矿粉尘检测的不足（精度低，稳定性差），开发了一种用于煤粉尘浓度测量的高精度光学传感器。基于Mie散射理论，通过在MATLAB和MiePlot中进行数值模拟，研究了粉尘粒径，折射率和散射角对散射光强度分布的影响。因此，确定了散射结构，并建立了传感器的数学模型。然后，通过独立地重新设计电路和控制系统并优化光学结构，在选择和组装最佳设备之后，开发出传感器。校准后，开发的传感器的平均测量误差为3.884％，3.546％和3。在短期测试中占037％。长期检测中的相对误差有所增加，但仍保持在4％到5％之间。可以肯定地表明，开发的传感器可以可靠地测量粉尘浓度，并具有出色的稳定性。这项研究提供了一种更准确的方法来测量和监测煤矿中的粉尘浓度。