The present study investigated the potential association between the richness and abundance of species of the dipteran families Calliphoridae, Mesembrinellidae, and Sarcophagidae in anthropogenic and preserved environments of five phytophysiognomies (Cerrado, Amazon forest, Palm forest, marshland, and mangrove) that occur throughout the state of Maranhão, in northeastern Brazil. We sampled 90 sites (45 preserved and 45 anthropogenic areas) where we collected 26,036 specimens: 15,023 calliphorids (11 species), 231 mesembrinellids (one species), and 10,772 sarcophagids (52 species). Four environmental factors, canopy openness, temperature, leaf litter depth, and vegetation height, contributed most to the separation of preserved and anthropogenic sites in all five phytophysiognomies. Leaf litter depth was positively associated with the species richness of the calliphorids and mesembrinellids (C+ M group), while tree/shrub density, vegetation height, and temperature were associated negatively with the richness of the sarcophagids. Tree/shrub density and vegetation height were also associated negatively with abundance in both C+M and sarcophagid species. Overall, then, the structural characteristics of the environment affected the species richness and abundance, and deforestation may favor certain synanthropic species, leading to a decrease in the richness and abundance of the species that are adapted to preserved environments.

本研究调查了在人类活动和保存环境中的双翅目 Calliphoridae、Mesembrinellidae 和 Sarcophagidae 物种的丰富度和丰度之间的潜在关联（塞拉多、亚马逊森林、棕榈林、沼泽地和红树林），这些植物地貌遍布整个地球巴西东北部马拉尼昂州。我们对 90 个地点（45 个保护区和 45 个人为区域）进行了采样，收集了 26,036 个标本：15,023 只蜈蚣科（11 种）、231 只 mesembrinellids（1 种）和 10,772 只石螟（52 种）。四个环境因素，冠层开度、温度、落叶深度和植被高度，对所有五个植物地貌中保存和人为地点的分离贡献最大。凋落物深度与蝾螈和 mesembrinellids（C+M 组）的物种丰富度呈正相关，而乔木/灌木密度、植被高度和温度与石棺的丰富度呈负相关。乔木/灌木密度和植被高度也与 C+M 和石棺物种的丰度呈负相关。总体而言，环境的结构特征影响了物种的丰富度和丰度，森林砍伐可能有利于某些同源物种，导致适应保护环境的物种的丰富度和丰度下降。乔木/灌木密度和植被高度也与 C+M 和石棺物种的丰度呈负相关。总体而言，环境的结构特征影响了物种的丰富度和丰度，森林砍伐可能有利于某些同源物种，导致适应保护环境的物种的丰富度和丰度下降。乔木/灌木密度和植被高度也与 C+M 和石棺物种的丰度呈负相关。总体而言，环境的结构特征影响了物种的丰富度和丰度，森林砍伐可能有利于某些同源物种，导致适应保护环境的物种的丰富度和丰度下降。