Ambient PM₁₀ (particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter ≤ 10 µm) samples were collected and characterized from July 2012 to August 2013 with the objective to evaluate the variation in elemental concentration and use the same as markers for source apportionment and health risk assessment for the first time over Bhubaneswar, India. The yearly average mass of PM₁₀ was 82.28 µg/m³, which was ~ 37% higher than the national ambient air quality (NAAQ) standards. Maximum PM₁₀ concentration was observed during winter season followed by post-monsoon, pre-monsoon, and monsoon months. Acid soluble components in the PM₁₀ samples were analyzed using ICP-OES (inductive coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy), and 19 different elements including heavy metals were determined. Enrichment factor analysis attributed the source to either crustal or non-crustal origin. Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed that crustal sources, industrial activities, and vehicular emissions were significant contributors to PM mass. The contribution of total average elemental concentration showed a seasonal variation with the lowest (11.96 µg/m³) and highest (17.77 µg/m³) during monsoon and winter, respectively, which is relatively less significant than the variation in total PM₁₀ mass that ranged between 48.43 µg/m³ in monsoon and 138.24 µg/m³ during the winter season. This observation evidences the predominant contribution of local/regional emission sources to the metallic components in coarse PM₁₀ mass, which is corroborated by the wind pattern studies carried out using polar plots and a Lagrangian Particle Dispersion Model (LPDM) FLEXPART. Further, carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic health risk assessments of the measured elements that find their way into the human body through different exposure pathways have been calculated using United State Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) standards. The carcinogenic risk of most of the elements was insignificant. The potential risk assessment study revealed that regular exposure to heavy metals through the ingestion pathway caused detrimental health effects. These effects were observed to be more severe in children in comparison to adults.

从2012年7月至2013年8月收集并表征了 环境PM ₁₀（空气动力学直径≤10 µm的颗粒物）样品，目的是评估元素浓度的变化，并将其用作第一个样品的来源分配和健康风险评估的标记时间在印度布巴内斯瓦尔。PM ₁₀的年平均质量为82.28 µg / m ³，比国家环境空气质量（NAAQ）标准高约37％。在冬季，随后是季风后，季风前和季风月份，观察到最大的PM ₁₀浓度。PM ₁₀中的酸溶性成分使用ICP-OES（电感耦合等离子体发射光谱）分析了样品，并确定了19种不同元素，包括重金属。富集因子分析将来源归结为地壳来源或非地壳来源。主成分分析（PCA）显示，地壳来源，工业活动和车辆排放是造成PM量的重要因素。总平均元素浓度的贡献显示季风和冬季分别为最低（11.96 µg / m ³）和最高（17.77 µg / m ³）的季节变化，其相对于PM ₁₀总质量的变化相对较小。季风的范围介于48.43 µg / m ³和138.24 µg / m ^3之间在冬季。该观察结果证明了局部/区域排放源对粗颗粒PM _10中金属成分的主要贡献质量，这可以通过使用极坐标图和拉格朗日粒子色散模型（LPDM）FLEXPART进行的风模式研究得到证实。此外，已经使用美国环境保护署（USEPA）标准计算了通过不同暴露途径进入人体的被测元素的致癌和非致癌健康风险评估。大多数元素的致癌风险微不足道。潜在风险评估研究表明，通过摄入途径定期接触重金属会危害健康。与成人相比，在儿童中观察到这些影响更为严重。