Mature hydrogen producing technologies like steam methane reforming, coal combustion, and hydrogenation of hydrocarbons are leading emitters of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. Catalytic decomposition of methane into carbon and hydrogen is a sure way of controlling the net emission of this greenhouse gas into the atmosphere. In this study, we present an environmentally benign approach of producing hydrogen from methane over a supported molten metal oxide catalyst. Catalyst systems were prepared by incipient wetness impregnation and characterized for crystallinity, shape and size, and surface area using various techniques. Methane conversion experiments were done in a packed bed reactor over three different catalyst systems synthesized from nickel oxide, lithium hydroxide, and calcium oxide (CaO) under various process conditions. Gaseous products from the reactor were analyzed using gas chromatography. Using catalyst 38N12L, 45.9% hydrogen yield was obtained at 650°C and GHSV of 1.2 Lg⁻¹_cath⁻¹. The molten environment provided by LiOH enhanced hydrogen yields by 12.6% through surface reaction and chemisorption. Calcium oxide played a bifunctional role as a catalyst support and an adsorbent of in situ generated CO/CO₂ gases thereby improving hydrogen quality.

中文翻译：

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在以 CaO 为载体的熔融 NiO-LiOH 催化剂体系上通过甲烷分解生产清洁氢气：熔融 LiOH 对催化剂活性的协同作用

蒸汽甲烷重整、煤燃烧和碳氢化合物加氢等成熟的制氢技术是温室气体排放到大气中的主要来源。将甲烷催化分解为碳和氢是控制这种温室气体向大气中净排放的可靠方法。在这项研究中，我们提出了一种环境友好的方法，即在负载型熔融金属氧化物催化剂上从甲烷中制氢。催化剂体系通过初湿浸渍制备，并使用各种技术表征结晶度、形状和尺寸以及表面积。甲烷转化实验在填充床反应器中通过三种不同的催化剂系统在各种工艺条件下由氧化镍、氢氧化锂和氧化钙 (CaO) 合成。来自反应器的气态产物使用气相色谱分析。使用催化剂 38N12L，在 650°C 和 1.2 Lg 的 GHSV 下获得 45.9% 的氢气产率^-1_猫h ^-1。LiOH 提供的熔融环境通过表面反应和化学吸附将氢气产率提高了 12.6%。氧化钙作为催化剂载体和原位生成的 CO/CO ₂气体的吸附剂起到了双功能作用，从而提高了氢气质量。