Despite significant investment, childhood malnutrition continues to be a significant public health problem especially in least developed countries. The aim of this study was to find association between household biomass fuel (BMF) use and childhood malnutrition in Bangladesh using data from Demographic and Health Survey 2011. We included a total 6891 children under 5 years of age in the analysis. The prevalence of wasting, underweight, and stunting from BMF using household was 16.1% (n = 997; 95%CI, 15.1–17.3), 39.0% (n = 2399; 95%CI, 37.1–40.9), and 43.3% (n = 2620; 95%CI, 41.6–45.1), respectively. Underweight and stunting were significantly higher among children from households using BMF compared with the children from CF using households (underweight, biomass vs clean fuel: 39.0% vs. 23.5%, p < 0.001; stunting, biomass vs clean fuel: 43.3 vs. 31.5%, p < 0.001). The use of BMF in the household was significantly associated with underweight (OR = 1.38; 95%CI: 1.10–1.73) and stunting (OR = 1.58; 95%CI: 1.18–1.98) among children <5 years of age after adjusting possible confounders in mixed effect logistic regression analysis. This study found a significant association between chronic childhood malnutrition and household BMF use which is indicating possible alternative risk factor for malnutrition. Further prospective research is required to explore the mechanism of how BMF use results in chronic malnutrition.

中文翻译：

---

家庭生物质燃料使用与儿童慢性营养不良有关：孟加拉国全国横断面调查结果

尽管投入了大量资金，但儿童营养不良仍然是一个重大的公共卫生问题，尤其是在最不发达国家。本研究的目的是利用 2011 年人口与健康调查的数据，找出孟加拉国家庭生物质燃料 (BMF) 使用与儿童营养不良之间的关联。我们将总共 6891 名 5 岁以下儿童纳入分析。使用家庭的 BMF 导致消瘦、体重不足和发育迟缓的发生率为 16.1%（n  = 997；95%CI，15.1-17.3）、39.0%（n  = 2399；95%CI，37.1-40.9）和 43.3%（n = 2620; 95%CI，41.6–45.1)，分别。与使用 CF 的家庭相比，使用 BMF 的家庭的儿童体重不足和发育迟缓明显更高（体重不足，生物质与清洁燃料：39.0% 对 23.5%，p  < 0.001；发育迟缓，生物质与清洁燃料：43.3 对 31.5 %, p < 0.001)。调整可能后，家庭中 BMF 的使用与 5 岁以下儿童的体重不足（OR = 1.38；95%CI：1.10-1.73）和发育迟缓（OR = 1.58；95%CI：1.18-1.98）显着相关混合效应逻辑回归分析中的混杂因素。这项研究发现慢性儿童营养不良与家庭 BMF 使用之间存在显着关联，这表明可能存在营养不良的替代风险因素。需要进一步的前瞻性研究来探索 BMF 使用如何导致慢性营养不良的机制。