I examine the foundations of a just society using the lens of decision theory. The conception of just society is from an individual’s viewpoint: where would I rather live if I have an equal chance of being any individual? Three alternative designs for a just society are examined. These are: laissez-faire, maximin and social minimum. Two assumptions about human nature clarify the distinction among three societies. The first assumption is that a representative individual’s utility function is concave. The second assumption recognizes that redistribution to achieve equality reduces total wealth. A rational individual would prefer a society where one is free to maximize one’s expected utility. A social minimum that includes both the provision of essential human needs and equality of opportunity (education, healthcare, access to capital) for a flourishing life emerges as a candidate solution for the basic structure of society.

我使用决策理论的视角考察了公正社会的基础。公正社会的概念是从个人的角度出发：如果我有成为任何个人的平等机会，我宁愿住在哪里？对公正社会的三种替代设计进行了研究。它们是：自由放任，最大化和社会最低要求。关于人性的两个假设阐明了三个社会之间的区别。第一个假设是代表性个人的效用函数是凹的。第二个假设认识到为实现平等而进行的再分配会减少总财富。理性的个人会喜欢这样一个社会，在这个社会中，人们可以自由地最大化自己的预期效用。社会最低要求，既包括基本人类需求的提供，也包括机会均等（教育，医疗保健，