ABSTRACT

The aim of this study was the spatial and temporal monitoring of soil erosion patterns in Iran. The G2 model was used, as an appropriate tool to provide the required month-time step country-wide soil loss maps and statistical outputs. The input parameters were derived with field surveys and remote sensing imagery (MODIS, SRTM, SPOT, and Sentinel-2 scenes). An innovation for G2 was the consideration of the snow cover effect on the rainfall erosivity. It was also the first time G2 was used to map such a big country like Iran on a country scale. The mean annual soil erosion in Iran was found to be 16.5 t ha⁻¹, which is equal to about 2.7 billion tons of soil loss. In spatial terms, the highest soil loss values were found in the north, west and southwest part of Iran, in the steep slopes in Alborz and Zagros mountains. In temporal terms, the highest and lowest monthly erosion values of 3.2 and 0.09 t ha⁻¹ correspond to January and July, respectively.

摘要

本研究的目的是对伊朗土壤侵蚀模式进行时空监测。G2 模型被用作提供所需的月时间步长全国土壤流失图和统计输出的适当工具。输入参数是通过实地调查和遥感影像（MODIS、SRTM、SPOT 和 Sentinel-2 场景）得出的。G2 的一项创新是考虑了积雪对降雨侵蚀力的影响。这也是第一次使用 G2 在国家尺度上绘制像伊朗这样的大国。伊朗的年平均土壤侵蚀量为 16.5 t ha ^-1，相当于约 27 亿吨土壤流失。在空间方面，伊朗北部、西部和西南部的 Alborz 和 Zagros 山脉的陡坡处发现了最高的土壤流失值。就时间而言，最高和最低的月侵蚀值 3.2 和 0.09 t ha ^{-1 分别}对应于 1 月和 7 月。