In the Sohag Governorate, groundwater is a crucial source for rural households and public supply. Even some major villages rely on groundwater for drinking and irrigation. Groundwater in the investigated villages (i.e., Araya and Gaziert Shandwel) occurs in the Pleistocene porous aquifer resting on marine Pliocene clay sheets. The geochemistry and multivariate statistics (i.e., correlation matrix (CM) and cluster analysis (CA) have been utilized to assess processes affecting groundwater hydrogeochemistry and to investigate the degree of water-rock interaction and mixing processes. The major ions including (Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺, Na⁺, K⁺, SO₄²⁻, Cl⁻, HCO₃⁻) and the minor (NO₃⁻, NH₄⁺, Fe, and Mn) chemical constituents were measured in all groundwater samples. The data show that the groundwater chemistry is mainly affected by the geologic setting and impacted by the intense use of chemical fertilizers and wastewater percolation. Groundwater classification, binary diagrams, and hydrochemical processes were anticipated to evaluate groundwater characteristics in the regions of interest. The major ions reveal two main water types: Na-HCO₃ and Ca-HCO₃. Based on the chemical analyses, groundwater hydrogeochemistry is distinguished into two categories. The correlation analysis results indicate that natural processes are the prevailing processes affecting the groundwater geochemistry, whereas cluster analysis indicates the possible effects of human activities on the groundwater chemistry of both villages.

在Sohag省，地下水是农村家庭和公共供应的重要来源。甚至一些主要的村庄都依靠地下水来饮用和灌溉。被调查村庄（即Araya和Gaziert Shandwel）中的地下水存在于海洋上新世粘土板上的更新世多孔含水层中。地球化学和多元统计数据（即相关矩阵（CM）和聚类分析（CA））已用于评估影响地下水水文地球化学的过程，并研究水-岩相互作用和混合过程的程度，主要离子包括（Ca ²⁺，镁²⁺，钠⁺，K ⁺，SO ₄ ^2-，氯^-，HCO ₃ ^-）及次要（NO ₃ ^-，NH ₄ ⁺，Fe以及Mn）所有地下水样品中测量化学成分。数据表明，地下水化学主要受地质环境的影响，并受到化学肥料的大量使用和废水渗滤的影响。地下水分类，二元图和水化学过程可望评估感兴趣地区的地下水特征。主要离子显示出两种主要的水类型：Na-HCO ₃和Ca-HCO ₃。根据化学分析，将地下水水文地球化学分为两类。相关分析结果表明，自然过程是影响地下水地球化学的主要过程，而聚类分析表明，人类活动可能对两个村庄的地下水化学产生影响。