Voltage controlled oscillators (VCOs) are used as key components in phase-locked loop systems for generating stable oscillation signals. Since the digital electronics industry increasingly needs a faster operation, VCOs need to generate signals at higher frequencies. This paper presents a voltage controlled oscillator with a wide frequency range and very low phase noise by using carbon nanotube technology. The Stanford CNTFET model is implemented in Verilog-A, and the proposed CNTFET VCO is simulated using ADS software. Simultaneous use of forward bulk biasing and an inductor yields a carbon nanotube oscillator with a frequency range of 6-20 GHz and a phase noise of −123 dBc/Hz.

中文翻译：

---

基于 CNT 的 VCO，具有极低的相位噪声和宽频率范围，适用于 PLL 应用

压控振荡器 (VCO) 用作锁相环系统中的关键组件，用于生成稳定的振荡信号。由于数字电子行业越来越需要更快的操作，VCO 需要生成更高频率的信号。本文介绍了一种采用碳纳米管技术的宽频率范围和极低相位噪声的压控振荡器。斯坦福 CNTFET 模型在 Verilog-A 中实现，所提出的 CNTFET VCO 使用 ADS 软件进行仿真。同时使用正向体偏置和电感器产生频率范围为 6-20 GHz 且相位噪声为 -123 dBc/Hz 的碳纳米管振荡器。