Targeted ‘omics’ research for seaweeds, utilizing various computational and informatics frameworks, has the potential to rapidly develop our understanding of biological processes at the molecular level and contribute to solutions for the most pressing environmental and social issues of our time. Here, a systematic review into the current status of seaweed omics research was undertaken to evaluate the biological diversity of seaweed species investigated (red, green and brown phyla), the levels to which the work was undertaken (from full genome to transcripts, proteins or metabolites) and the field of research to which it has contributed. We report that from 1994 to 2021 the majority of seaweed omics research has been performed on the red seaweeds (45% of total studies), with more than half of these studies based upon two genera Pyropia and Gracilaria. A smaller number of studies examined brown seaweed (key genera Saccharina and Sargassum) and green seaweed (primarily Ulva). Overall, seaweed omics research is most highly associated with the field of evolution (46% of total studies), followed by the fields of ecology, natural products and their biosynthesis, omics methodology and seaweed–microbe interactions. Synthesis and specific outcomes derived from omics studies in the red seaweeds are provided. Together, these studies have provided a broad-scale interrogation of seaweeds, facilitating our ability to answer fundamental queries and develop applied outcomes. Crucial to the next steps will be establishing analytical tools and databases that can be more broadly utilized by practitioners and researchers across the globe because of their shared interest in the key seaweed genera.

中文翻译：

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组学研究在海藻中的应用，以红海藻为重点

利用各种计算和信息学框架对海藻进行有针对性的“组学”研究，有可能在分子水平上迅速发展我们对生物过程的理解，并为解决我们这个时代最紧迫的环境和社会问题做出贡献。在这里，对海藻组学研究的现状进行了系统评价，以评估所研究的海藻物种（红色、绿色和棕色门）的生物多样性、开展工作的水平（从全基因组到转录本、蛋白质或代谢物）及其贡献的研究领域。我们报告说，从 1994 年到 2021 年，大多数海藻组学研究都是在红海藻上进行的（占总研究的 45%），这些研究中有一半以上基于 Pyropia 和 Gracilaria 两个属。少数研究检查了棕色海藻（关键属 Saccharina 和 Sargassum）和绿色海藻（主要是石莼）。总体而言，海藻组学研究与进化领域的相关性最高（占总研究的 46%），其次是生态学、天然产物及其生物合成、组学方法和海藻-微生物相互作用等领域。提供了来自红海藻组学研究的合成和具体结果。总之，这些研究提供了对海藻的广泛研究，提高了我们回答基本问题和开发应用结果的能力。