Cassia tora is an annual herb, which has pharmacological effects such as antioxidant, hypolipidemic, and antidiabetic effects. Accordingly, its effect on diabetes has been well-studied. However, it is unclear whether it has an effect on mitochondrial dysfunction associated with diabetes. In this study, the effects of emodin and rhein in C. tora seed ethanolic extract (ER/CSEE) on retinal mitochondrial function were examined in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice. HFD-fed mice exhibited decreased mitochondrial function followed by compensatory increase in the expression levels of mitochondrial enzymes. However, ER/CSEE treatment for 12 weeks ameliorated the activity of retinal mitochondrial complexes and reduced the expression level of enzymes involved in oxidative phosphorylation, except that of complex II and citrate synthase in citric acid cycle. This suggests that repairing capacity of enzymes in electron transport chain and citric acid cycle of mitochondria are different in response to the metabolic state. Therefore, it concluded that emodin and rhein play a pharmacological role in fat metabolism by influencing activities of enzymes in citric acid cycle linked with beta-oxidation in retina.

中文翻译：

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决明子中的大黄素和大黄酸改善糖尿病小鼠视网膜中参与氧化磷酸化的线粒体酶的活性

决明子是一年生草本植物，具有药理作用，例如抗氧化剂，降血脂和抗糖尿病作用。因此，已经充分研究了其对糖尿病的作用。但是，尚不清楚它是否对与糖尿病有关的线粒体功能障碍有影响。在这项研究中，在高脂饮食（HFD）喂养的小鼠中检查了大黄C种子乙醇提取物（ER / CSEE）中大黄素和大黄酸对视网膜线粒体功能的影响。由HFD喂养的小鼠表现出线粒体功能降低，然后线粒体酶表达水平补偿性增加。但是，ER / CSEE处理12周可改善视网膜线粒体复合物的活性，并降低参与氧化磷酸化的酶的表达水平，但柠檬酸循环中复合物II和柠檬酸合酶除外。这表明响应代谢状态，酶在电子传输链中的修复能力和线粒体的柠檬酸循环是不同的。因此，得出的结论是，大黄素和大黄酸通过影响柠檬酸循环中与视网膜β氧化有关的柠檬酸循环中的酶的活性，从而在脂肪代谢中发挥药理作用。