Traditional medicine is a major component in the primary healthcare system in the southeast of Iran, which has a rich floral diversity. However, there is no comprehensive report on the use of medicinal herbs in this specific region. This traditional usage of medicinal plants by local communities could serve as a source for pharmacological and phytochemical studies. The main objective of this study was to identify ethnopharmacological knowledge on medicinal plant species and their local healing applications by the folk communities of Kerman province in the southeast of Iran. In this cross-sectional study, data were collected from 217 herbal healers using semi-structured questionnaires, open interviews, and field surveys. Factors including use reports (UR) for each species, frequency of citation (FC), and informant consensus factor (ICF) were used to analyze the data. Plant species were identified by botanists through standard taxonomic methods. A total of 402 medicinal plants were used in healing practices by the local communities of Kerman province. These species belong to 273 genera of 73 families, among which 367 species are dicotyledons, 27 are monocotyledons, 7 species are cryptogam, and one species is gymnosperm. An important implication from the current study is the identification of the traditional medicinal use of 292 plant species in this region for the first time. Asteraceae, Apiaceae, Lamiaceae, and Fabaceae were the dominant medicinally utilized plant families, respectively. Leaf, flower, fruit, and seed were the most common plant parts used. Generally, crude drugs were used in the form of decoction, followed by poultice and infusion forms. Moreover, oral route is considered as the most common administration route followed by topical route. Endocrine (diabetes), dermatological, gastrointestinal, and respiratory problems were ranked as the most frequent ailment categories for which medicinal plants in this region were applied, respectively. Our findings suggested dominant use of Asteraceae and Apiaceae plants for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders, Lamiaceae plants for respiratory and gastrointestinal ailments, and Apocynaceae plants for dermatological problems. Our findings suggested that Asteraceae and Apiaceae plants were used for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders, Lamiaceae plants for respiratory and gastrointestinal ailments, and Apocynaceae and Euphorbiaceae plants for dermatological problems. Among the medicinal plants with high UR and new ethnobotanical uses, Rhazya stricta was used for wound healing, Calotropis procera, Clematis ispahanica and Euphorbia spp. for eczema, Cionura erecta for the treatment of cough, Launaea acanthodes for the treatment of gastrointestinal parasites, Berberis integrrima as an antidiabetic medicinal herb, Dracocephalum polychaetum and Rydingia persica for various types of chronic diseases, Citrus limon and Citrus aurantium for the treatment of ocular diseases and making the traditional kohl, Calendula officinalis for the treatment of pterygium and Prosopis farcta for preventing nasal bleeding. The identified medicinal plants can be further evaluated for their pharmacological activity and underlying mechanisms of action.

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伊朗东南部克尔曼省民族社区使用的药用植物的民族植物学

传统医学是伊朗东南部初级医疗保健系统的主要组成部分，拥有丰富的花卉多样性。但是，没有关于该特定地区使用药材的综合报告。当地社区对药用植物的这种传统用法可以作为药理和植物化学研究的来源。本研究的主要目的是确定伊朗东南部克尔曼省民间社区关于药用植物物种及其当地治疗应用的民族药理学知识。在这项横断面研究中，使用半结构化问卷、公开访谈和实地调查从 217 名草药治疗师那里收集了数据。因素包括每个物种的使用报告 (UR)、引用频率 (FC)、和线人共识因子（ICF）被用来分析数据。植物学家通过标准分类方法鉴定植物物种。克尔曼省当地社区总共使用了 402 种药用植物进行治疗。这些植物属73科273属，其中双子叶植物367种，单子叶植物27种，隐花植物7种，裸子植物1种。当前研究的一个重要意义是首次确定了该地区 292 种植物的传统药用用途。菊科、伞形科、唇形科和豆科分别是主要的药用植物科。叶、花、果实和种子是最常用的植物部分。通常，生药以煎剂的形式使用，其次是膏药和输液形式。此外，口服途径被认为是最常见的给药途径，其次是局部途径。内分泌（糖尿病）、皮肤病、胃肠道和呼吸系统问题分别被列为该地区药用植物最常见的疾病类别。我们的研究结果表明，主要使用菊科和伞形科植物治疗胃肠道疾病，使用唇形科植物治疗呼吸道和胃肠道疾病，使用夹竹桃科植物治疗皮肤病。我们的研究结果表明，菊科和伞形科植物用于治疗胃肠道疾病，唇形科植物用于治疗呼吸道和胃肠道疾病，夹竹桃科和大戟科植物用于治疗皮肤病。在具有高 UR 和新民族植物学用途的药用植物中，Rhazya stricta 用于伤口愈合，Calotropis procera、Clematis ispahanica 和 Euphorbia spp。用于治疗湿疹，治疗咳嗽的 Cionurarecta，治疗胃肠道寄生虫的 Launaea acanthodes，作为抗糖尿病药草的小檗，Dracocephalum polychaetum 和 Rydingia persica 治疗各种类型的慢性疾病，柑橘和枳壳治疗眼部疾病疾病和制作传统的 kohl、金盏花用于治疗翼状胬肉和 Prosopis farcta 用于预防鼻出血。可以进一步评估已鉴定的药用植物的药理活性和潜在作用机制。Calotropis procera、Clematis ispahanica 和 Euphorbia spp。用于治疗湿疹，治疗咳嗽的 Cionurarecta，治疗胃肠道寄生虫的 Launaea acanthodes，作为抗糖尿病药草的小檗，Dracocephalum polychaetum 和 Rydingia persica 治疗各种类型的慢性疾病，柑橘和枳壳治疗眼部疾病疾病和制作传统的 kohl、金盏花用于治疗翼状胬肉和 Prosopis farcta 用于预防鼻出血。可以进一步评估已鉴定的药用植物的药理活性和潜在作用机制。Calotropis procera、Clematis ispahanica 和 Euphorbia spp。用于治疗湿疹，治疗咳嗽的 Cionurarecta，治疗胃肠道寄生虫的 Launaea acanthodes，作为抗糖尿病药草的小檗，Dracocephalum polychaetum 和 Rydingia persica 治疗各种类型的慢性疾病，柑橘和枳壳治疗眼部疾病疾病和制作传统的 kohl、金盏花用于治疗翼状胬肉和 Prosopis farcta 用于预防鼻出血。可以进一步评估已鉴定的药用植物的药理活性和潜在作用机制。小檗作为抗糖尿病药草，多毛天竺葵和桃红木耳用于治疗各种类型的慢性疾病，柑橘和枳实用于治疗眼部疾病和制作传统的kohl，金盏花用于治疗翼状胬肉和Prosopis farcta流血的。可以进一步评估已鉴定的药用植物的药理活性和潜在作用机制。小檗作为抗糖尿病药草，多毛天竺葵和桃红木耳用于治疗各种类型的慢性疾病，柑橘和枳实用于治疗眼部疾病和制作传统的kohl，金盏花用于治疗翼状胬肉和Prosopis farcta流血的。可以进一步评估已鉴定的药用植物的药理活性和潜在作用机制。