DNA barcoding has been succesfully used for bio-surveillance of forest and agricultural pests in temperate areas, but has few applications in the tropics and particulary in Africa. Cacosceles newmannii (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) is a Prioninae species that is locally causing extensive damage in commercially-grown sugarcane in the KwaZulu-Natal Province in South Africa. Due to the risk of spread of this species to the rest of southern Africa and to other sugarcane growing regions, clear and easy identification of this pest is critical for monitoring and for phytosanitary services. The genus Cacosceles Newman, 1838 includes four species, most being very similar in morphology. The damaging stage of the species is the larva, which is inherently difficult to distinguish morphologically from other Cerambycidae species. A tool for rapid and reliable identification of this species was needed by plant protection and quarantine agencies to monitor its potential abundance and spread. Here, we provide newly-generated barcodes for C. newmannii that can be used to reliably identify any life stage, even by non-trained taxonomists. In addition, we compiled a curated DNA barcoding reference library for 70 specimens of 20 named species of Afrotropical Prioninae to evaluate DNA barcoding as a valid tool to identify them. We also assessed the level of deeply conspecific mitochondrial lineages. Sequences were assigned to 42 different Barcode Index Numbers (BINs), 28 of which were new to BOLD. Out of the 20 named species barcoded, 11 (52.4%) had their own unique Barcode Index Number (BIN). Eight species (38.1%) showed multiple BINs with no morphological differentiation. Amongst them, C. newmannii showed two highly divergent genetic clusters which co-occur sympatrically, but further investigation is required to test whether they could represent new cryptic species.

中文翻译：

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DNA条形码对非生物性on科动物（鞘翅目，天蛾科）中新兴有害生物的生物监测和物种鉴定

DNA条码已成功用于温带地区森林和农业害虫的生物监测，但在热带地区尤其是非洲很少使用。Cacosceles newmannii（鞘翅目：Cerambycidae）是一种Prioninae物种，在南非的夸祖鲁-纳塔尔省商业上种植的甘蔗中对当地造成广泛破坏。由于该物种有传播到南部非洲其他地区和其他甘蔗种植区的风险，因此清楚，容易地识别该有害生物对于监测和植物检疫服务至关重要。纽曼Cacosceles纽曼属（Cacosceles Newman，1838）包括4种，大多数在形态上非常相似。该物种的破坏阶段是幼虫，其固有地很难在形态上与其他天牛科物种区分开。植物保护和检疫机构需要一种用于快速可靠地鉴定该物种的工具，以监测其潜在的丰度和扩散。在这里，我们提供了新的C. newmannii条形码，即使没有经过培训的分类学家也可以用来可靠地识别任何生命阶段。此外，我们为20种命名的非洲非营利性藻科物种的70个标本编制了精选的DNA条形码参考文库，以评估DNA条形码作为鉴定它们的有效工具。我们还评估了深具特异性的线粒体谱系的水平。序列被分配给42个不同的条形码索引号（BIN），其中28个是BOLD新的。在使用条形码进行编码的20种命名物种中，有11种（52.4％）具有自己唯一的条形码索引号（BIN）。八个物种（占38.1％）显示出多个BIN，而没有形态学差异。