Abstract

This systematic review discusses the shifted paradigm in the place-making concept, from being focused on physical changes in the environment (product-oriented) created by urban planners, towards place-making as an iterative process that involves various actors other than the planning professionals. Despite this conceptual re-orientation that was emerged in the 1960s, important discussions, such as factors that support or obstruct the process of place-making are often mentioned incidentally in publications without being systematically analysed across cases. Therefore, this paper aims to bring a better overview of the concept of place-making as a process by combining theoretical and empirical research in the planning context. To achieve this aim, a systematic literature review of 61 articles published between 1960 and 2016 has been used. This research demonstrates a variety of approaches, influential factors, and outcomes of place-making. It points out the importance to take into considerations the interplays among the roles of actors, along with physical-spatial elements of places. These factors should be acknowledged in combination with the others, rather than being treated as unidimensional. Such circumstances not only lead to viable place-making but also bring positive social impacts to local communities, especially on gaining local empowerment, enhancing social ties, reinforcing place identity, and increasing quality of life.

摘要

这篇系统的评论讨论了场所创建概念的转变范式，从专注于城市规划人员在环境中的物理变化（面向产品），到场所创建，这是一个迭代过程，涉及除规划专业人士以外的各种参与者。尽管在1960年代出现了这种观念上的重新定位，但在出版物中经常偶然提及一些重要的讨论，例如支持或阻碍场所制作过程的因素，而没有对所有案例进行系统的分析。因此，本文旨在通过将规划背景下的理论研究与实证研究相结合，更好地概述场所营造的过程。为了实现这一目标，已对1960年至2016年间发表的61篇文章进行了系统的文献综述。这项研究证明了各种方法，影响因素和场所营造的结果。它指出了考虑演员角色之间的相互作用以及场所的物理空间元素的重要性。这些因素应与其他因素结合起来考虑，而不应被视为一维的。这种情况不仅导致可行的场所营造，而且还对当地社区产生积极的社会影响，特别是在获得当地权力，增强社会联系，增强场所身份以及提高生活质量方面。这些因素应与其他因素结合起来考虑，而不应被视为一维的。这种情况不仅导致可行的场所营造，而且还对当地社区产生积极的社会影响，特别是在获得当地权力，增强社会联系，加强场所身份以及提高生活质量方面。这些因素应与其他因素结合起来考虑，而不应被视为一维的。这种情况不仅导致可行的场所营造，而且还对当地社区产生积极的社会影响，特别是在获得当地权力，增强社会联系，增强场所身份以及提高生活质量方面。