Sprint swimming is a short duration, high intensity sport requiring a relatively greater contribution of energy from anaerobic metabolism. Understanding energy system utilization for the classification of a competitive swimmer (sprint or distance) may be useful for both training prescription and event specialization. The relationship between anaerobic swim ergometer testing and adolescent sprint swimming performance has not been investigated. The purpose of this study was to compare the performance and physiological responses during a maximal all-out ergometer test as well as the maximal anaerobic lactate test in a group of sprint vs. middle-distance specialized swimmers. Sixteen (n = 16) competitive swimmers (mean ± standard deviation (SD), age 16.8 ± 0.7 year; body mass 67.3 ± 9.8 kg) were categorized into two gender matched groups: sprint (n = 8) and middle-distance (n = 8). Each athlete performed (1) a 45 s swim ergometer maximal test to determine peak and mean power output (Watts (W)), (2) a MANLT test to determine peak and average velocity as well as the post-exercise lactate response, and (3) a 50 m swim time trial. The sprint group showed a higher mean (p = 0.026) and peak (p = 0.031) velocity during the MANLT. In addition, blood lactate concentration was significantly (p < 0.01) higher in the sprint vs. middle-distance trained group at 3 and 12 min after completion of the MANLT (3-min post 11.29 ± 2.32 vs. 9.55 ± 3.48 mmol/L; 12-min post 8.23 ± 2.28 vs. 7.05 ± 2.47 mmol/L). The power output during the 45 s all-out swimming ergometer test was higher in the sprint trained group. The results of this study demonstrate the anaerobic contribution to sprint swimming measured during an all-out dryland ergometer test.

中文翻译：

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最大测力计测试和冲刺性能在青少年耐力和冲刺训练的游泳者中的适用性

短跑游泳是一种持续时间短的高强度运动，需要无氧代谢中相对较大的能量贡献。了解能量系统的利用以对竞技游泳者进行分类（冲刺或距离）可能对训练处方和比赛专业化都有帮助。尚未研究厌氧游泳测功仪测试与青少年短跑游泳成绩之间的关系。这项研究的目的是比较短跑和中距离专业游泳者在最大的全能测功器测试以及最大厌氧乳酸测试中的表现和生理反应。16名（n = 16）竞技游泳者（平均±标准差（SD），年龄16.8 ± 0.7岁；体重67.3± 9.8公斤）分为两个性别匹配的组：短跑（n = 8）和中距离（n = 8）。每位运动员进行（1）45 s游泳测功机最大测试以确定峰值和平均功率输出（瓦（W）），（2）MANLT测试以确定峰值和平均速度以及运动后乳酸反应，以及（3）游泳时间50 m。冲刺组在MANLT期间显示出较高的平均速度（p = 0.026）和峰值速度（p = 0.031）。此外，在完成MANLT后3和12分钟，短跑运动员的血乳酸浓度明显高于中距离训练组（p <0.01）（11.29 ± 2.32后3分钟vs. 9.55 ± 3分钟）3.48 mmol / L; 8.23 ± 2.28 vs. 7.05 ± 2.47 mmol / L后的12分钟）。短跑训练组在45 s全力游泳测功器测试过程中输出的功率更高。这项研究的结果证明了在全面的旱地测力计测试中测得的厌氧对短跑游泳的贡献。