In this study, a computational fluid dynamics approach based on solving the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equation and shear stress transport (SST) (Menter) k-ω turbulence model is used to solve the rotor in ground effect. A discrete element method based on solving the Hertz-Mindlin (no-slip) contact model and considering the real physical properties and collision is used to solve the motion and distribution of sediment particles in the field. By coupling the two approaches, the dust cloud development in the ground-effect flow field of a helicopter with rectangular-tip and slotted-tip blades is simulated for six seconds. The characteristics of the flow field are analyzed, and the influence of the flow field generated by the two types of blades on the movement and distribution of sediment particles on the ground and the subsequent dust cloud development over time are compared. The relatively long time of numerical results show that the sediment particles initially located on the ground are uplifted by the interaction between the blade tip vortex and the ground. Over time, the particles become more concentrated around the tip vortex core. The sediment particles in the dust cloud move primarily in the radial and axial directions of the rotation center, and the circumferential movement is not significant. The optimized slotted-tip blade provides better dissipation of the tip vortex core intensity near the ground than the rectangular-tip blade, thus weakening the entrainment effect of the sediment particles on the ground and reducing the dust cloud concentration around the disc plane.

在这项研究中，基于求解雷诺平均Navier-Stokes方程和切应力传递（SST）（Menter）k-ω湍流模型的计算流体动力学方法被用来解决转子的地面效应。基于求解Hertz-Mindlin（无滑移）接触模型并考虑实际物理特性和碰撞的离散元方法，用于解决田间沉积物颗粒的运动和分布。通过结合这两种方法，模拟了具有矩形尖端和开槽尖端叶片的直升机的地面效应流场中的尘埃云发展，持续了六秒钟。分析了流场的特征，比较了两种叶片产生的流场对泥沙在地面上的运动和分布以及随时间推移而产生的尘埃云的影响。较长时间的数值结果表明，最初位于地面上的沉积物颗粒由于叶尖涡流与地面之间的相互作用而被抬升。随着时间的流逝，粒子变得更集中在尖端涡旋核周围。尘埃云中的沉积物颗粒主要沿旋转中心的径向和轴向移动，而周向移动不明显。经过优化的开槽尖端叶片比矩形尖端叶片能够更好地消除地面附近的尖端涡流核心强度，