Objective

To investigate the effects of physical exercise on cortical activity measured via electroencephalogram (EEG) in individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI).

Data Sources

PubMed, Web of Science, PsycINFO, and SciELO databases were searched using: “physical exercise,” “physical activity,” “physical therapy,” “exercise,” “training,” “electroencephalogram,” “electroencephalography,” “EEG,” “mild cognitive impairment,” “cognitive dysfunction,” and “MCI.” The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement was followed and the Physiotherapy Evidence Database scale was used to assess the risk of bias of each study.

Study Selection

Original articles, sample including individuals with MCI, physical exercise intervention, use of EEG to measure cortical activity.

Data Extraction

Sample characteristics, physical exercise protocol characteristics, results related to effects of physical exercise on parameters derived from EEG signals, strengths, limitations, and conclusions of the studies were selected by 2 investigators.

Data Synthesis

A total of 365 articles were identified in electronic databases. After the selection stage, 7 studies were included. Although there was a large spectrum of type of exercise (aerobic, resistance, multimodal, exergames, combined exercise with cognitive training), all exercise protocols altered cortical activity in patients with MCI. An exercise session (acute response) causes power reduction of delta band and increases complexity and P300 amplitude in resting-state EEG. After an intervention with an exercise program (chronic response), there was a reduction in the power of delta and theta bands and an increase in beta and alpha bands, as well an increase in complexity in resting-state EEG.

Conclusions

Physical exercise seems to play a role in cortical activity in patients with MCI, suggesting neural plasticity in such individuals.

中文翻译：

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体育锻炼对轻度认知障碍患者皮层活动调节的疗效：系统评价

客观的

研究体育锻炼对轻度认知障碍 (MCI) 个体通过脑电图 (EEG) 测量的皮质活动的影响。

数据源

PubMed、Web of Science、PsycINFO 和 SciELO 数据库使用以下内容进行搜索：“体育锻炼”、“体育活动”、“物理治疗”、“锻炼”、“训练”、“脑电图”、“脑电图”、“脑电图”、 “轻度认知障碍”、“认知功能障碍”和“MCI”。遵循系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目声明，并使用物理治疗证据数据库量表评估每项研究的偏倚风险。

研究选择

原创文章，样本包括 MCI 个体、体育锻炼干预、使用 EEG 测量皮质活动。

数据提取

样本特征、体育锻炼方案特征、体育锻炼对脑电图信号参数影响的结果、强度、局限性和研究结论由 2 名研究人员选择。

数据综合

在电子数据库中总共确定了 365 篇文章。筛选阶段后，共纳入 7 项研究。尽管有很多类型的运动（有氧运动、阻力运动、多模式运动、运动游戏、结合运动与认知训练），但所有运动方案都改变了 MCI 患者的皮质活动。锻炼（急性反应）会导致 delta 频带的功率降低，并增加静息状态脑电图中的复杂性和 P300 幅度。干预运动计划（慢性反应）后，δ 和 θ 波段的功率降低，β 和 α 波段增加，以及静息状态脑电图的复杂性增加。

结论

体育锻炼似乎在 MCI 患者的皮层活动中发挥作用，这表明这些人的神经可塑性。