This study used a 2 (type of news: fake vs. real) × 2 (presence of negative user comments: yes vs. no) × 2 (presence of positive user comments: yes vs. no) between-subjects experimental design to examine the differences in perceived news credibility and sharing intention between fake news and real news on vaccination. Fake news was found to generate a lower level of perceived credibility than real news, which subsequently decreased news sharing intention. Furthermore, negative user comments significantly lowered perceived news credibility, and this was especially true for real news. However, this adverse effect was found to be mitigated by the presence of positive user comments. The experimental results have important theoretical and practical implications for future research on fake news about health and science.

这项研究使用2（新闻类型：虚假还是真实）×2（否定用户评论：是vs.否）×2（肯定用户评论：是vs.否）受试者之间的实验设计进行了研究接种疫苗的假新闻与真实新闻在感知的新闻可信度和分享意图上的差异。发现假新闻比真实新闻产生的可信度低，从而降低了新闻共享的意图。此外，负面的用户评论大大降低了感知的新闻可信度，对于真实新闻尤其如此。但是，发现存在积极的用户评论可以减轻这种不利影响。实验结果对有关健康和科学的假新闻的未来研究具有重要的理论和实践意义。