The present article provides a systematic overview on the relationship between psychosocial work characteristics and musculoskeletal disorders, absenteeism, and workplace accidents. The study identified and reviewed the findings of 24 systematic reviews or meta-analysis and 6 longitudinal studies. Publications were systematically searched in several databases from 1966 to January 2021. To summarize the level of evidence, a best evidence synthesis was performed, and the quality of included studies was rated.

High job demands, high job strain, high effort/reward-imbalance and low social support showed a strong evidence to increase the risk for musculoskeletal disorders. In addition to job demands and job strain, low perceived fairness proved to be a risk factor of absenteeism with strong evidence. Due to the small number of studies, no reliable evidence assessment for workplace accidents was possible. The summarized findings can improve risk assessment methods, by providing a systematic estimation of the potential risk severity of psychosocial work characteristics and assist practitioners in further developing the psychosocial risk assessment.

本文系统地概述了社会心理工作特征与肌肉骨骼疾病、旷工和工作场所事故之间的关系。该研究确定并审查了 24 项系统评价或荟萃分析和 6 项纵向研究的结果。从 1966 年到 2021 年 1 月，在多个数据库中系统搜索了出版物。为了总结证据水平，进行了最佳证据合成，并对纳入研究的质量进行了评级。

高工作要求、高工作压力、高努力/回报不平衡和低社会支持显示了增加肌肉骨骼疾病风险的有力证据。除了工作要求和工作压力之外，低公平感被证明是旷工的一个风险因素，有强有力的证据。由于研究数量较少，无法对工作场所事故进行可靠的证据评估。通过对社会心理工作特征的潜在风险严重程度进行系统估计，并帮助从业者进一步开展社会心理风险评估，总结的结果可以改进风险评估方法。