Critical burial depth plays an important role in tunnel design and analysis. So, the division method for deep tunnels and shallow tunnels is perceived as a main concern. Considering the soil stress path dependency, this paper investigates the construction mechanical behavior of soil mass at different burial depths, and aims to explore a method for identifying critical burial depth. Firstly, using the Eulerian method and stress return mapping scheme, an elastoplastic algorithm applicable to double loading criteria was developed for a soil constitutive model considering complex stress paths. Then, the developed algorithm was implemented into a user-defined material subroutine (UMAT) and validated through numerical triaxial tests under different stress paths. Subsequently, the UMAT was used to model tunnel excavation in soils. The simulated results were compared with the results that from practical engineering, which shows that the UMAT could accurately predict the ground surface settlement. On the basis of this, the stress distribution and deformation performance in soil during tunneling at different burial depths were explored. Finally, the division method for differentiating shallow tunnels and deep tunnels in soil was discussed and a method for determining the critical depth was proposed.

临界埋深在隧道设计和分析中起着重要作用。因此，深隧道和浅隧道的划分方法被认为是主要问题。考虑到土壤应力路径的依赖性，本文研究了不同埋深下土体的构造力学行为，旨在探索一种确定临界埋深的方法。首先，使用欧拉方法和应力返回映射方案，针对考虑复杂应力路径的土壤本构模型，开发了适用于双重荷载准则的弹塑性算法。然后，将开发的算法实施到用户定义的材料子例程（UMAT）中，并通过在不同应力路径下的数值三轴试验进行了验证。随后，使用UMAT对土壤中的隧道开挖进行建模。将模拟结果与实际工程结果进行比较，表明UMAT可以准确预测地表沉降。在此基础上，探讨了不同埋深下隧道掘进过程中土体的应力分布和变形性能。最后，讨论了区分浅层隧道和深层隧道的分割方法，并提出了确定临界深度的方法。