As various WECs are invented and tested, establishing wave energy farm of multiple devices is becoming a possible way to realize large-scale development of wave energy resources. Previous studies into array effects have focused on a single type of device. However, such an approach doesn't consider the potential advantages of using different device types that operate at different efficiencies for different parts of a wave spectrum within a single array to maximize the extraction of wave energy. To realize this approach, a reliable method of quantifying the energy capture performance of any WEC in real sea state is necessary. To define the energy-capture unit in an array, a new concept, named Energy Capture Spectrum (ECS) is presented. It can evaluate the energy capture performance of any WECs in real sea state by converting the power signal of the WEC into an equivalent fluctuation signal related to the incident waves at the location of the WEC and finally generates the Energy Capture Spectrum (ECS) of the WEC to compare with the incident wave spectrum. The definition of the ECS and theoretical derivation is also presented in this paper. A specific test method with no restrictions on WEC types is developed. To validate the correctness of the ECS and to study the influence on the ECS by the PTO and draught, a physical model test based on heaving buoy is introduced and analyzed. The conclusion of this paper figures out the characteristics of the ECS and optimization method of the heaving buoy device accordingly.

随着各种WEC的发明和测试，建立多个设备的波浪能农场正成为实现波浪能资源大规模开发的一种可能的方式。先前对阵列效应的研究集中在单一类型的设备上。但是，这种方法没有考虑使用在单个阵列中对频谱的不同部分使用以不同效率工作的不同设备类型来最大化波能提取的潜在优势。为了实现这种方法，需要一种可靠的方法来量化真实海况下任何WEC的能量捕获性能。为了在阵列中定义能量捕获单元，提出了一个新概念，称为能量捕获谱（ECS）。通过将WEC的功率信号转换为与WEC位置处的入射波相关的等效波动信号，它可以评估真实海况下任何WEC的能量捕获性能，并最终生成WEC的能量捕获谱（ECS）。 WEC与入射波谱进行比较。本文还介绍了ECS的定义和理论推导。开发了一种不受WEC类型限制的特定测试方法。为了验证ECS的正确性并研究PTO和气流对ECS的影响，引入并分析了基于浮标的物理模型测试。本文的结论指出了ECS的特点以及相应的升沉浮标装置的优化方法。