Abstract—

Data on the variability of the nucleotide sequences of whole mitochondrial genomes in populations of Russians, Poles, and Serbs, which represent, respectively, the groups of East, West, and South Slavs, are reviewed in comparison with similar data for other European peoples. It was shown that the results of the analysis of the variability of whole mitogenomes make it possible to substantially detail the ideas about the structure and diversity of mitochondrial gene pools obtained earlier with other approaches, e.g., analysis of the distribution of haplotypes of mtDNA major noncoding region or the frequencies of mitochondrial haplogroups. It has been demonstrated that Bayesian analysis of large data sets on the variability of whole mitogenomes in the Slavs enabled the identification of between-regional differences in the dynamics of the effective population size over time for Europe. The use of a phylogeographic analysis of modern and paleogenomic data on the variability of whole mitogenomes makes it possible to define unique phylogenetic mtDNA clusters specific to certain ethnic groups and their communities. Their common genetic origin, which dates back to the Bronze and Iron Ages, is demonstrated on the example of three ethnic groups of Slavs.

中文翻译：

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斯拉夫人的民族遗传学方面的线粒体基因库的多样性和结构。

摘要—

与其他欧洲人的类似数据相比，我们回顾了分别代表东，西和南斯拉夫人的俄罗斯人，波兰人和塞族人的群体中整个线粒体基因组核苷酸序列变异性的数据。结果表明，对整个有丝分裂基因组的变异性进行分析的结果使得可以实质性地详细阐明早期通过其他方法获得的线粒体基因库的结构和多样性的想法，例如，分析mtDNA主要非编码单倍型的分布区域或线粒体单倍群的频率。已经证明，对斯拉夫人中整个有丝分裂基因组的变异性进行大数据集的贝叶斯分析，可以确定欧洲有效人口规模随时间变化的区域间差异。通过对整个有丝分裂基因组的变异性进行现代和古基因组学数据的系统地理分析，可以定义特定于某些种族群体及其社区的独特的系统发育线粒体DNA簇。它们的共同遗传起源可以追溯到青铜时代和铁器时代，并以斯拉夫人三个民族为例进行了证明。通过对整个有丝分裂基因组的变异性进行现代和古基因组学数据的系统地理分析，可以定义特定于某些种族群体及其社区的独特的系统发育线粒体DNA簇。它们的共同遗传起源可以追溯到青铜时代和铁器时代，并以斯拉夫人三个民族为例进行了证明。通过对整个有丝分裂基因组的变异性进行现代和古基因组学数据的系统地理分析，可以定义特定于某些种族群体及其社区的独特的系统发育线粒体DNA簇。它们的共同遗传起源可以追溯到青铜时代和铁器时代，并以斯拉夫人三个民族为例进行了证明。