This article interrogates the idea of leadership in a decentralized organization, using Extinction Rebellion (XR) as a case study. Through close observation of this environmental movement, we problematize the notion of leaderless organizations and question whether the idea of a hierarchy- and power-free ‘decentralized organization’ is a fantasmatic endeavour. Psychoanalytic analysis of discussions between XR members following two disruptive actions during XR’s International Rebellion in October 2019 reveals that these actions temporarily provoked members to question the attainability and effectiveness of XR’s so-called ‘leaderless autonomous organization’. This article contributes to psychoanalytic studies of leadership and to the social movements literature and argues that the power relations present in any form of organized endeavour must be recognized in order to develop effective and democratic activism.

本文以“灭绝叛乱”（XR）为例，审问了分散组织中的领导理念。通过对这一环境运动的密切观察，我们对无领导者组织的概念提出了质疑，并质疑建立无等级和无权力的“权力下放组织”的想法是否是一种幻想。对XR成员在2019年10月国际叛乱期间的两次破坏性行动之后的讨论进行的心理分析分析显示，这些行动暂时激怒了成员，以质疑XR所谓的``无领导者自治组织''的可实现性和有效性。