Objective

To explore vigilance task performance, cerebral blood flow velocity (CBFV), workload, and stress in a within-subjects, two-session experiment.

Background

Vigilance, or sustained attention, tasks are often characterized by a decline in operator performance and CBFV with time on task, and high workload and stress. Though performance is known to improve with practice, past research has not included measures of CBFV, stress, and workload in a within-subjects multi-session design, which may also provide insight into ongoing theoretical debate.

Method

Participants performed a vigilance task on two separate occasions. Performance, CBFV, workload, and self-reported stress were measured.

Results

Within each session, results were consistent with the vigilance profile found in prior research. Across sessions, performance improved but the time on task decrement remained. Mean CBFV and workload ratings did not differ between sessions, but participants reported significantly less distress, worry, and engagement after session two compared to one.

Conclusion

Though practice may not disrupt the standard vigilance profile, it may serve to improve overall performance and reduce stress. However, repeated exposure may have negative implications for engagement and mind-wandering.

Application

It is important to better understand the relationship between experience, performance, physiological response, and self-reported stress and workload in vigilance because real-world environments often require operators to do the same task over many occasions. While performance improvement and reduced distress is an encouraging result, the decline in engagement requires further research. Results across sessions fail to provide support to the mind-wandering theory of vigilance.

中文翻译：

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为期两天的警戒任务中的表现、血液动力学和压力：实践和理论意义

客观的

在受试者内部的两阶段实验中探索警惕性任务表现、脑血流速度 (CBFV)、工作量和压力。

背景

警惕或持续关注任务的特点通常是操作员绩效和 CBFV 随着任务时间的推移以及高工作量和压力而下降。虽然众所周知，性能会随着实践而提高，但过去的研究并未包括在受试者内部多会话设计中对 CBFV、压力和工作量的测量，这也可能提供对正在进行的理论辩论的洞察力。

方法

参与者在两个不同的场合执行了警惕性任务。测量性能、CBFV、工作量和自我报告的压力。

结果

在每个会话中，结果与先前研究中发现的警惕性概况一致。在整个会话中，性能有所提高，但任务减少的时间仍然存在。平均 CBFV 和工作量评级在会话之间没有差异，但与会话相比，参与者在第二会话后报告的痛苦、担忧和参与明显减少。

结论

虽然练习可能不会破坏标准的警惕性，但它可能有助于提高整体表现并减轻压力。然而，反复接触可能会对参与和走神产生负面影响。

应用

重要的是要更好地了解经验、性能、生理反应以及自我报告的压力和警惕工作量之间的关系，因为现实世界的环境通常需要操作员在许多场合执行相同的任务。虽然绩效改善和痛苦减少是一个令人鼓舞的结果，但敬业度的下降需要进一步研究。跨会话的结果无法为走神的警惕理论提供支持。