The explosive welding process is an extreme-deformation problem that involves shock waves, large plastic deformation, and fragmentation around the collision point, which are extremely challenging features to model for the traditional mesh-based methods. In this work, a particle-based Godunov shock algorithm under a semi-Lagrangian reproducing kernel particle method (SL-RKPM) is introduced into the volumetric strain energy to accurately embed the key shock physics in the absence of a mesh or grid, which is shown to also ensure the conservation of linear momentum. For kernel stability, a deformation-dependent anisotropic kernel support update algorithm is proposed, which is shown to capture excessive plastic flow and material separation. A quasi-conforming nodal integration is adopted to avoid the need of updating conforming cells which is tedious in extreme deformations. It is shown that the proposed formulation effectively captures shocks, jet formation, and smooth-to-wavy interface morphology transition with good agreement with experimental results.

爆炸焊接过程是一个极端变形的问题，涉及冲击波，较大的塑性变形和碰撞点附近的碎裂，这对传统的基于网格的方法而言是极富挑战性的特征。在这项工作中，将基于半拉格朗日重现核粒子方法（SL-RKPM）的基于粒子的Godunov冲击算法引入到体积应变能中，以在没有网格或网格的情况下准确地嵌入关键的冲击物理学，这是如图所示，还可以确保线性动量的守恒。为了保证岩心的稳定性，提出了一种与变形有关的各向异性岩心支持更新算法，该算法能捕获过多的塑性流动和材料分离。采用准一致性节点积分以避免需要更新在极端变形中繁琐的一致性单元的需要。结果表明，所提出的配方有效地捕获了冲击，射流形成和光滑至波浪形的界面形态转变，与实验结果吻合良好。