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The Innate Immune Response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection
Annual Review of Immunology ( IF 26.9 ) Pub Date : 2021-04-26 , DOI: 10.1146/annurev-immunol-093019-010426
Mariëtta M Ravesloot-Chávez 1 , Erik Van Dis 2 , Sarah A Stanley 2, 3
Affiliation  

Infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis causes >1.5 million deaths worldwide annually. Innate immune cells are the first to encounter M. tuberculosis, and their response dictates the course of infection. Dendritic cells (DCs) activate the adaptive response and determine its characteristics. Macrophages are responsible both for exerting cell-intrinsic antimicrobial control and for initiating and maintaining inflammation. The inflammatory response to M. tuberculosis infection is a double-edged sword. While cytokines such as TNF-α and IL-1 are important for protection, either excessive or insufficient cytokine production results in progressive disease. Furthermore, neutrophils—cells normally associated with control of bacterial infection—are emerging as key drivers of a hyperinflammatory response that results in host mortality. The roles of other innate cells, including natural killer cells and innate-like T cells, remain enigmatic. Understanding the nuances of both cell-intrinsic control of infection and regulation of inflammation will be crucial for the successful development of host-targeted therapeutics and vaccines.

中文翻译:


对结核分枝杆菌感染的先天免疫反应

结核分枝杆菌感染每年导致全世界超过 150 万人死亡。先天免疫细胞是第一个遇到结核分枝杆菌的细胞,它们的反应决定了感染过程。树突状细胞 (DC) 激活适应性反应并确定其特征。巨噬细胞负责发挥细胞内在的抗菌控制以及引发和维持炎症。对结核分枝杆菌的炎症反应感染是一把双刃剑。虽然 TNF-α 和 IL-1 等细胞因子对保护很重要,但细胞因子产生过多或不足都会导致疾病进展。此外,中性粒细胞——通常与控制细菌感染相关的细胞——正在成为导致宿主死亡的过度炎症反应的关键驱动因素。其他先天细胞的作用,包括自然杀伤细胞和先天样 T 细胞,仍然是个谜。了解细胞内在感染控制和炎症调节的细微差别对于成功开发宿主靶向疗法和疫苗至关重要。

更新日期:2021-04-28
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