A communication deficit exists between the space weather research and forecast communities in the research-to-operations-to-research (R2O2R) pipeline. No formal, citable space exists for forecasters to communicate needs and lessons learned to the research community (O2R). This deficit was termed the “valleys of death and lost opportunities” (NRC, 2003, https://doi.org/10.17226/10658) and has resulted in advancements taking up to 20 years or more to become forecast operational. To provide this communication space, we surveyed a group of US civilian space weather forecasters on their needed improvements, use of available resources, and interactions with researchers, via a combination of questionnaire and focus group discussions. Nineteen needed improvements were identified, clustering into four categories: scientific understanding, access to data, forecast office tools, and instrumentation. Participants appeared to prefer resources with a robust data stream of high-resolution and high-time cadence data which suffer few technical issues. Participants want to be included in tool development more often and earlier in the process as they felt they were “seldom listened to when it comes to what [they] actually need.”

中文翻译：

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美国空间天气预报员确定的 R2O2R 改进

在研究到运营到研究 (R2O2R) 管道中，空间天气研究和预报社区之间存在沟通不足。没有正式的、可引用的空间可供预报员与研究界 (O2R) 交流需求和经验教训。这种赤字被称为“死亡和失去机会的山谷”（NRC，2003 年，https://doi.org/10.17226/10658）并导致需要长达 20 年或更长时间才能实现预测可操作的进展。为了提供这种交流空间，我们通过问卷调查和焦点小组讨论相结合的方式，对一组美国民用空间天气预报员进行了调查，了解他们需要的改进、可用资源的使用以及与研究人员的互动。确定了 19 个需要改进的地方，分为四类：科学理解、数据访问、预测办公工具和仪器。参与者似乎更喜欢具有高分辨率和高时间节奏数据的强大数据流的资源，这些数据几乎没有技术问题。参与者希望在这个过程中更频繁和更早地参与工具开发，因为他们觉得他们“很少听到 [他们] 真正需要的东西。”