Adverse and advantageous childhood experiences (ACEs and counter-ACEs) during adolescence are understudied. This study examined how childhood experiences affect youth tobacco/alcohol use. Participants included 489 U.S. adolescents (baseline 10–13 years; 51% female) from the first five waves of the Flourishing Families Project. Results of the cross-lagged model showed ACEs were predictive of early tobacco use only. Counter-ACEs in wave two and wave three predicted, respectively, decreased tobacco and decreased alcohol use in the following wave. Counter-ACEs were also correlated with reduced alcohol and tobacco use in later waves. These findings indicate the salience of counter-ACEs over ACEs in persistent and late adolescent substance use, though ACEs may be important to consider to prevent very early initiation of tobacco.

对青春期不利和有利的童年经历（ACE 和反 ACE）的研究不足。这项研究调查了童年经历如何影响青少年烟草/酒精的使用。参与者包括来自繁荣家庭项目前五波的 489 名美国青少年（基线 10-13 岁；51% 为女性）。交叉滞后模型的结果显示，ACE 仅能预测早期烟草使用。第二波和第三波的反 ACE 分别预测下一波的烟草和酒精使用减少。Counter-ACEs 也与后期减少的酒精和烟草使用有关。这些发现表明，在持续和晚期青少年物质使用中，抗 ACE 相对于 ACE 的显着性，尽管 ACE 对于防止非常早开始吸烟可能很重要。